Why do we cry when we cut onions?
Thanks for asking.
Ending up in tears when preparing a dish with onions can be pretty darn inconvenient.
No sooner have you started chopping them up, you find your eyes getting watery and stinging.
Of course, those tears aren't related to any feelings of sadness.
Rather, they're down to a series of chemical reactions.
Like a lot of fruit and veg we buy at the supermarket, onions are still technically alive when harvested and sold and they have certain defense mechanisms to protect themselves.
Wow, I would never have guessed.
What kind of defense mechanism?
According to Healthline.com, onions can spew enzymes and sulfenic acid when their skin is broken.
These compounds combine to produce propanethyl S-oxide, an irritating gas.
You see, just like shallots and garlic, onions grow underground and absorb sulfur from the soil into their flesh.
So when you cut one, you break its cells, releasing sulfur compounds.
The irritating gas then turns into sulphuric acid when it touches the tear fluid in your eyes.
Well, I've got news for you.
By following these few tips, you should be able to chop onions without shedding any tears.
Tip number one peel the onions next to a small bowl or dish of water, as water tends to capture the gas.
Tip number two, put the onion in the fridge for about 10 minutes before chopping.
The sulfuric acid will evaporate much more slowly, giving you time to cut it into small pieces.
For a couple of bonus tips, let's listen to American chef Russell Jackson talking in a YouTube video for Chowhound which has been viewed over 400000 times.
Changing the chemistry through water is also a really, really simple way.
Ice water, dunk it in for 30 seconds or actually even boiling water.
You can drop that in for 30 seconds.
This will, of course, change the texture of the onion.
The next thing is use a really sharp knife.
Go ahead and start out by cutting the root end off and that'll release the gas and you should be working in a well-ventilated area.
Believe it or not, there are actually a variety of onions out there that have been specifically designed not to make you cry when cutting them.
They're called sunions, and they're brown with a mild sweet taste.
It's important to note that they're the result of cross-breeding several varieties, rather than any genetic modification.
Sunions took three decades worth of research to develop, but were finally made available to buy in the US in 2018.
And as of January 2022, Waitrose started to stock them in the UK too.
They come at a somewhat inflated price tag though, working out at just over 50p per Sunion, compared to around 15p for one of Waitrose's regular essential onions.
There you have it.
Now you know why we cry when we cut onions.
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