Why do women live longer than men?
Thanks for asking. In the period from 2018 to 2020, the life expectancy at birth for women in the UK was 82 .9 years, while it was just 79 for men.
That's according to data from the Office of National Statistics, and that disparity is a common trend across various countries and even other species of mammals like great apes.
Are there scientific reasons behind it?
There certainly are, and they span both biological and behavioural factors.
Dr. Paminder Sashtev is a professor of neuropsychiatry at the University of New South Wales in Australia.
Talking to Time .com for an article published on the subject in 2019, he highlighted that men are more likely to take life -threatening risks which could lead to them dying in a fight, for example, or a car accident resulting from driving too fast.
He said that men are also more likely to have unhealthy habits like smoking or drinking excessively, which can have life -shortening consequences in the long term.
You mentioned biological differences.
What kind of differences are we talking about?
One notable distinction is the hormonal contrast between men and women.
Research has shown that the male hormone testosterone is linked with risk -taking, which might explain some of the risky behavior we just talked about.
Men who produce abundant testosterone may therefore have a reduced life expectancy.
Kyung Jin Min, a professor of biological sciences at Inha University in South Korea, is also quoted in the same Time .com article comparing male and female life expectancy.
He explained that male sex hormones can also diminish immune function and elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
and Min had significant experience in investigating this phenomenon.
To delve deeper into the matter, he and his colleagues examined the health records of 81 Korean eunuchs.
These were men who had been castrated in childhood and no longer produced significant testosterone.
The researchers' findings showed that the eunuchs tended to live 14 to 19 years longer than their non -castrated counterparts.
A possible explanation is that testosterone impedes the release of certain cells which are crucial for combating diseases.
What about the impact of female hormones?
That's a good question.
The primary female sex hormone is oestrogen, which is believed to have protective properties.
A 2013 study published in the Journal of Endocrinology discovered that female sex hormones help preserve DNA by maintaining healthy cells and preventing damage that could lead to diseases.
There you have it. Now you know why women live longer than men.
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