Why are the Olympic Games held every four years?
Thanks for asking. Here we are, seven years after the announcement by the International Olympic Committee, the Paris Summer Games are about to begin.
And for the first time since World War II, the usual four-year gap between the Games was disrupted as the Tokyo Games were postponed to 2021 due to the global pandemic.
In fact, this tradition of holding the Games every four years goes back a very long way, and was not introduced by chance.
It even has a name, the Olympiad.
Doesn't the Olympiad refer to the Games themselves?
It's a common misconception, but the term Olympiad actually refers to the four-year period between the Games, not the Games themselves.
While Olympiads in the plural can denote the events, an Olympiad in the singular specifically marks the interval between the two editions.
This distinction has sparked debates in literary and academic circles for decades.
Pierre de Corbetter, the father of the modern Olympic game, was particularly vocal about maintaining this historical and grammatical accuracy.
This said, Olympiad did initially refer to the Games before it came to signify the four-year interval.
So why was there a four-year period in ancient times?
In ancient Greece, the Games was so significant that the Olympiad was used to synchronise the calendars of various Greek cities.
For instance, Alexander the Great began his reign as King of Macedonia in the first year of the 111st Olympiad, which was 336 BCE.
If we applied this today, it would be like wishing your loved ones a happy Olympiad every four years instead of a happy new year.
Additionally, while modern games are named after Olympia, ancient sporting competitions were held annually in different cities during the four years of an Olympiad.
There were four major competitions, the Olympic Games in Olympia, the Nemen Games in Nemenia, the Pythian Games in Delphi and another in Corinth.
Although only the Olympic Games have survived, the four-year cycle has been retained.
In fact, the Olympiad was not a break, but a way of referring to all the games taking place once a year for four years.
And why are they still going strong?
The Olympiad De Corbatan created the modern Olympic Games, he chose to retain the tradition of the Olympiad to honour the ancient games.
According to the IOC, the Olympiad today refers to the period between January 1st of the first year and December 31st of the 4th.
The next Olympiad should therefore last from January 1st, 2025 to December 31st, 2028, the year of the Los Angeles Games.
There you have it! Now you know why the Olympic Games are held every four years.
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