From The New York Times, I'm Rachel Abrams, and this is The Daily.
A New York Times investigation into a series of major deals between the Trump administration, the United Arab Emirates and the Trump family has revealed that the president and his inner circle are making millions of dollars from agreements that intersect with America's national security interests.
Today, my colleague Eric Lipton explains why these conflicts of interest are unlike anything we've seen before.
It's Wednesday, September 24th.
Eric, welcome to the show.
Hello, Rachel.
Eric, I feel like every time we've talked on the show, we've had you on to talk about some kind of conflict of interest that has to do with either the Trump family or the Trump administration.
And you explain each time that what we are discussing is more significant or problematic than the last time we had you on the show or than another administration.
And here we are.
I think it's been about four months since we had you on last time.
And I think that once again, this is what you're going to tell me.
Am I right?
That's right.
We're not talking about martinis at the Trump Hotel in DC or staying a couple of nights at the Trump Doral or people gathering at Mar-a-Lago.
These were things that were considered scandals during the first Trump administration by his critics.
Right.
This is an entirely different scale.
What we're seeing here in these series of transactions, is at a scale unlike anything I think I've seen as a reporter in actually four decades of doing my job.
Wow.
In terms of the national security implications and just the scale of dollars in play that are potentially enriching the president's family and the family of some of his advisers.
So, OK, I want to dig into specifically what we're talking about here.
You mentioned a series of transactions.
So tell us about the transactions.
I mean one of the deals directly financially benefits the president, his family and some of his advisers.
The second deal directly benefits the United Arab Emirates and its ambitions to become an AI superpower.
So, back in May, we have the first deal, which involves 2 billion of money from the United Arab Emirates going into a cryptocurrency company that was created by the Trump family and one of his advisors, Steve Witkoff.
That happens in early May.
Several weeks later, there's a separate transaction where the United States agrees to give the UAE access to some of the most advanced artificial intelligence chips that are designed in the United States.
These are the crown jewels of American technology and it agrees to allow them to have hundreds of thousands of these chips exported to the United Arab Emirates.
So these two deals happened.
You know, my colleagues and I are watching this and we're like, wow, wait a minute.
What just happened here?
How did these two deals come about?
And so we launched on an investigation that involved a team of reporters, including from San Francisco, from New York Washington, Taiwan and London.
I just want to make sure I understand why this would catch your eye in the first place.
You are obviously an investigative reporter.
Did you see these two deals and think I wonder if there's a connection, because the UAE transfers 2 billion to the Trump-Witkoff family crypto business and then the Trump administration turns around and hands over to the UAE hundreds of thousands of these super important chips.
Like, is that what initially piqued your interest?
That's right.
Okay, so what did you find?
Were the deals related, and how did they come about?
So, as our team of reporters worked on this, what we found was there were more linkages between these two deals than were publicly known or that had been disclosed by the White House or the United Arab Emirates.
For example, there's this one guy who's at the center of both of these transactions, and he goes by the name of Sheikh Taq Noon.
He's the National Security Chief of the United Arab Emirates.
And he's this kind of somewhat mysterious figure who's constantly seen wearing sunglasses because he has an eye condition.
So even when he's inside, he's got these shades on and it gives him a kind of an air of intrigue.
And he's been an intermediary for presidents and foreign advisors for many years.
But, starting around 2023, he began to transition to becoming one of the leaders in deploying the UAE's massive bank of oil money to make strategic decisions about how to transform the United Arab Emirates, this super rich oil country, into becoming a place that could raise money from some other economic sector.
And they concluded that the best place to go to make more money was to become a technology beacon in the world, like a Silicon Valley of the Middle East.
Right.
They want to build one of the largest AI data centers outside of the United States.
But in order to transform their economy, Taknoon needed something from the United States.
And that was access to these AI chips made by companies like NVIDIA.
And he went to the Biden administration and he basically said, give us your chips.
And initially they were quite skeptical of that because they were concerned about.
You know, what's he going to do with those chips?
Like for security reasons or what was the concern exactly?
Their primary concern was that the United Arab Emirates has had long time close ties with China.
And not only that, but they even have done joint military exercises from China.
They also have a defense contracting firm that is building military equipment jointly with China.
And at the time that they first came to the Biden administration, they had put a bunch of Chinese equipment into some of their data centers.
And this is equipment that the United States is concerned potentially could be compromised and used by China to gain access to American technology.
So the Biden administration is concerned that if we allow the United Arab Emirates to have these crown jewels, some of the most important technological inventions of modern times that Are they potentially going to be sharing that technology with China in a way that could hurt the United States national security.
That was a concern that the Biden administration had in particular.
Hurt the U.S. how exactly?
Like what specifically are they worried would happen?
I mean, the United States is now in a race with China over the progress in artificial intelligence.
And it's not only an economic race, it's a military race, because AI is already being applied to all kinds of weapons systems, and particularly around drones that could be autonomously operated and armed and become autonomous killing machines.
And if China gets access to the most advanced chips that the United States is designing, they could accelerate their efforts to build a killer drone fleet that could threaten the United States.
So the stakes are obviously quite high.
The Biden administration has all of these concerns about what a deal for chips to the UAE could mean for American national security.
What happens after that?
I mean the Biden administration ultimately reaches an agreement in which they talk to Sheikh Taqnoon and they said you know you're going to have to remove some of this Chinese technology from your data centers.
And we will then agree to give you access to some of these chips.
But Taqnoon is not satisfied.
Because he had seen Biden is taking this very hard line, it sounds like.
They were quite frustrated that the Biden people were being too conservative.
They were too nervous.
They were nervous Nellies, that they were holding back the ambitions of the United Arab Emirates.
And that was where things ended.
And then Biden leaves office.
But Taq Noon wants more chips.
He wants more powerful chips.
And that's when Trump comes in.
And Taq Noon, very smart guy.
He sees an opportunity here to get what he couldn't get during the Biden era.
And what do you mean by that?
Like, what specifically does he see as an opportunity?
Well, Trump, the dealmaker that he is, puts in some senior advisors who are dealmakers themselves.
He puts in Steve Witkoff, a real estate buddy of his from New York City, and suddenly Witkoff is the Middle East envoy.
And then he separately puts in as his AI advisor in the White House David Sachs, a venture capitalist from Silicon Valley who comes from the world that thinks that the United States is best if it exports as many chips as possible around the world.
And both of these guys become critical players in Tuck Noon's strategy to get what he wants.
And so the new administration is starting and Tuck Noon gets to work.
We'll be right back.
So, Eric, tell us about how Taknoon actually gets to work.
What does he do first?
Taknoon first makes a visit to the United States in March, in which he comes here and he's treated like he is a major global player.
He has private meetings with the head of the CIA, with the Treasury Secretary, the Commerce Secretary, with CEOs, Jeff Bezos.
He gets an audience with some very important people, it sounds like.
I mean he was starting to get that kind of access during Biden, but this visit in March was unlike anything he'd had before.
I mean, it's just an incredible lineup of people from both the government, from the private sector, from the financial world.
It shows you that this guy not only has one of the world's biggest piggy banks, but he is a transformative figure in the global economy and in technology.
Mm-hmm.
And he actually then also goes over to the White House for a special dinner that includes much of the president's cabinet, and President Trump and the vice president and Steve Witkoff and David Sachs are all there.
And they talk about the interest of the United Arab Emirates in becoming a global leader in AI.
These are initial kind of meet and greet conversations.
But in the background, there's a whole other thing going on.
The one thing that the United Arab Emirates has is a boatload of money.
They want access to chips.
They've got trillions of dollars in the bank.
World Liberty, a cryptocurrency company created by Donald Trump, Steve Witkoff and their families needs money to get going.
And this is a moment that UAE can write a check for 2 billion and hand it over to World Liberty, just at the same moment that they're seeking access to the chips.
These two things basically simultaneously are in play.
Well, I mean basically sounds like the UAE is essentially dangling a 2 billion transfer into the Trump-Witkoff family business at the same time that they're asking the administration for this technology.
That's right.
And, to be clear, it's the sons of both Trump and Witkoff who are overseeing World Liberty and its dealings.
And they're the ones that are negotiating for the $2 billion transfer into World Liberty.
But regardless, they're doing these negotiations at the same time as their fathers are having a sit-down dinner with Sheikh Taqnoon talking about the UAE's plans to become a global AI superpower with the help of Trump.
So what happens next with these negotiations?
Well, in March and early April, there's a clash that's playing out behind the scenes in the White House.
There's these two different groups.
There's David Sachs who comes in from Silicon Valley.
It's like unlimited export of these chips.
Let's sell as much as possible.
And then there's a separate group of people that have come in in this new Trump administration that are effectively China hawks.
They're really skeptical of China.
They're very concerned about the military buildup in China.
And they are separately working behind the scenes to build out a policy that would actually further restrict access by foreign entities to the most advanced chips.
Hmm.
They call it the America First AI plan.
That would limit the sale or export of the most advanced chips for a year after they come onto the marketplace, which is not what Tuckman wanted.
So it sounds like there are at least some officials in the Trump administration who have the same, or at least similar, concerns about where these chips are going to end up and what they're going to be used for.
That the Biden administration did right.
Like, in other words, giving the UAE these chips could also mean that they end up in China, and therefore the same national security risks are associated with it.
That's right.
There's still a significant concern in the intelligence community about just how reliable the United Arab Emirates is and whether or not they are truly going to honor commitments to not share this technology with China.
So you have this split in the White House of one group of advisors that's saying hey, we got to be careful here.
And the other group saying, sell, sell, sell.
So that's a clash that's playing out in March and April until suddenly there's a big disruption.
And what is that disruption?
So Laura Loomer, a conservative activist who has the ear of President Trump, is frequently coming into the White House and talking to Trump and giving him a list of people that she wants to see fired.
And it ends up that one of the people on that list is David Fein, who is one of the leaders of the effort in the White House to try to crack down and limit the export of the most advanced American chips.
He and a number of other folks from the White House national security team are fired within a day.
So basically, the guardrails that had existed within the White House are gone at this point.
What happened was that some of the key players that were quite concerned about additional sharing exited.
But the biggest thing that happened was that that was an opening for David Sachs to become the de facto leader of this effort.
And Sachs comes in.
Yeah, let's sell as many chips as possible because it will benefit the United States.
So the fight in the White House over whether to sell these chips to Taknoon and to the UAE, it sounds like it's now leaning very heavily in favor of doing a deal.
What is going on with the other negotiation between the UAE and World Liberty at this point?
So the first thing that happens is that 2 billion moves from the United Arab Emirates to World Liberty in early May.
And effectively overnight, World Liberty becomes one of the largest stablecoin crypto companies in the world.
And it turns what was a startup with an uncertain future into one of the biggest players in the crypto space in the world.
And that single action by the United Arab Emirates is gonna make the owners of World Liberty tens of millions of dollars a year.
That's done, that deal is done.
But the chips deal isn't yet decided.
And then basically the UAE comes in and says you know what?
We don't just want 100000 chips, we want 500000 chips.
And we want the most advanced chips.
This happens in May while this debate is playing out.
And some of the people from the White House and from the Trump administration that are participating in this are, like amazed at what has just been requested a massive increase in the compute power that the UAE wants.
And Sachs takes the position that this is a deal that should be landed.
And Wyckoff is coming in and saying you know, this is a signature moment for the president and the new administration.
He's heading over to the Middle East and he needs deals to sign.
But I want to thank his highness.
And so.
Trump goes over to the UAE.
I want to also thank His Highness Sheikh Taqnoon.
There's a big event that Sachs is there, Witkoff is there, Sheikh Taqnoon is there.
Yesterday, the two countries also agreed to create a path for UAE to buy some of the world's most advanced AI semiconductors from, And they announced that they reached an agreement to give them 500000 ships a year.
This will generate billions and billions of dollars in business and accelerate the UAE's plans to become a really major player in artificial intelligence.
I remember this announcement.
This was his first big international trip, right, where they made this announcement?
That's right.
It was a huge event.
But this was coming to UAE was very important.
Coming to Saudi Arabia and Qatar was very important to me because of personal relationships that I had, maybe more than anything else.
And it's potentially transformational for the future of the United Arab Emirates in terms of its place in the global economy.
Thank you very much.
But wait, OK, what about all the security concerns?
What about all the concerns about whether these chips were going to go to China?
Did they get addressed?
Did they evaporate?
They made some initial commitments in the deal that was signed in May, like cyber controls at the data centers and commitments around who would have access to these data centers.
But they largely agreed to further negotiate the terms of the security agreement in a working group that would be created after the Trump administration announced the deal.
So basically they pick the can down the road, they punt it.
Yes.
And that was very frustrating and disappointing to some of these skeptics inside the administration.
They were saying, we have the most leverage at this moment.
We should have asked, for example, no more joint military exercises with China, no more advanced technology sharing with Chinese companies that are going to be anywhere close to your data centers.
They wanted those commitments up front.
Sachs and the Trump administration said we'll work on these commitments in the weeks and months ahead.
They are still being negotiated.
Do you think it's too far to say that punting it suggests that Sachs and Witkoff don't care that much about the concerns?
No.
No, I mean.
What I heard from some White House aides that were supportive of the deal was that not a single chip is going to be transferred until they are confident that the security protocols are rock solid.
And that said, that did not satisfy the skeptics who wanted these security terms negotiated up front.
And ultimately, Sachs won that fight.
I just want to posit a theory, though for a minute, because what you're laying out here it definitely sounds like the Trump administration eased up on a concern that the Biden administration had, that even some people in the Trump administration also shared.
And the concern could be that they eased up because Trump and Witkoff had a financial incentive to give the UAE what it wants.
A legitimate, non-corrupt debate over the wisest chips policy like.
Rather than keep these chips from China, they felt like the wiser thing to do was to make sure the entire world, including China, is reliant on American chips, on American technology, and needs to get it from us.
The administration recently reversed course and said that it would give China some of these chips directly, if I'm not mistaken.
So I'm just sort of wondering how you're thinking about whether this is problematic, or whether this reflects a change in attitude about sharing chips, or whether it's some combination or something else.
I think ultimately it is a combination because there was definitely a clash of worldviews.
There was the SACS philosophy and also the philosophy of NVIDIA.
And I spoke with executives there that they felt like really the United States is better off economically and also in its national security interest if the US tech stack becomes the global tech stack.
And the way that you do that is you distribute your technology globally and the world relies upon it and you build up the strength of that tech stack.
And China is still not going to get ahead of us, is their belief, because we're holding on to most of the chips domestically.
We're only sharing a relatively small number of them with UAE.
That's the argument that they make.
But this whole thing has become blurry and complicated because, regardless of this substantive debate that they were having in the White House, there's 2 billion that is going from UAE to the Trump and Witkoff family's businesses.
It's hard not to wonder about the intentionality of that and the motivations.
Right.
It's not normal for the president and his Middle East advisor to have a financial interest in matters that they're involved in.
I mean basically what the concern is just to put it really bluntly is like who is the president and the administration representing here?
And how can we be confident the president's own interests and the interests of his close advisors are not playing some kind of role in a deal that impacts America's economic security, national security and many other facets of the country?
That's right.
And actually I heard that from people within the Trump administration that they had that same question.
And that's really kind of startling to me to hear that that comes from inside the walls that are involved in these deliberations, that they wondered the same thing.
And the consequences here are so enormous.
I mean, we're talking about technology that is every day transforming the world.
And the United States has such a dominant place in developing this technology.
But to throw into that equation a 2 billion deal that's going to a company that's owned in part by the Middle East envoy and the family of the president, it's just like how is that possible?
I mean at a minimum.
It creates an appearance of a conflict of interest and an appearance of corruption.
It's a blurring of lines that are going to lead to second guessing that is going to play out around the interactions with the Middle East.
You know, a key party in so many decisions now about peace and war and financial matters.
And I mean all of these interactions are now being colored by financial connections to Trump and his administration.
Eric, thank you so much.
Thank you, Rachel, for having me.
In a statement to The Times, the White House said that the 2 billion crypto deal was quote totally unrelated to any government business.
Meanwhile, a spokesman for Sheikh Taqnoon insisted that his business dealings operate to the quote highest standards of integrity and governance.
We'll be right back.
Here's what else you need to know today.
On Tuesday, President Trump gave a 56-minute speech full of grievances against the United Nations to the United Nations.
They ranged from a malfunctioning escalator at the UN building to not winning a renovation contract, even questioning whether the United Nations should even exist.
What is the purpose of the United Nations?
The speech went nearly four times longer than Trump's allotted time limit, during which he lectured the UN and other nations about how they were failing.
Your countries are going to hell.
And...
In an emotional return to the airwaves, Jimmy Kimmel broke his silence Tuesday night in an opening monologue that was at turns defiant, joking and somber.
Addressing the controversy over his remarks on the assassination of Charlie Kirk.
The temporarily sidelined Kimmel's show and ignited a national debate about free speech.
This show is not important.
What is important is that we get to live in a country that allows us to have a show like this.
Tearing up.
He also praised Erika Kirk, Charlie Kirk's widow, who said on Sunday that she forgave the person accused of murdering her husband.
Kimmel said that it touched him deeply.
And if there's anything we should take from this tragedy to carry forward, I hope it can be that, not this.
In a Truth Social post, President Trump threatened ABC with legal action over Kimmel's return.
Today's episode was produced by Shannon Lin with help from Jessica Chung.
It was edited by Rachel Quester with help from Paige Cowett.
It contains original music by Pat McCusker, Marion Lozano, Rowan DeMisto and Alicia Bietube, and was engineered by Alyssa Moxley.
Special thanks to David Yaffe Bellamy.
That's it for The Daily.
I'm Rachel Abrams.
See you tomorrow.
