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[IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์™„๋ฒฝ ๋Œ€๋น„: '๊ตํ†ต(Traffic)' ์ฃผ์ œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋ฐ ์ „๋žต]-[๐Ÿšฆ Traffic (S05E11) + Transcript]

IELTS Speaking for Success ยท B1 ยท 2021-01-25

LanguageIELTS
๋˜๋Š” ์›น๋ฒ„์ „์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š” โ†’

๐Ÿ“‹ Summary

IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น: ๊ตํ†ต(Traffic) ์ฃผ์ œ ์ •๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ

IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ '๊ตํ†ต'์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ์ƒํ™ฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. ๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด์™€ ํ˜ผ์žก์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜

๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ 'traffic jam'์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์กฐ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.

  • Traffic congestion: ๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'congestions'๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Packed: ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฝ‰ ๋ง‰ํ˜”์„ ๋•Œ 'The roads are packed'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Sluggish traffic: ๋งค์šฐ ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Get stuck in traffic: '๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต ๋ฐ ์ด๋™ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ‘œํ˜„

  • Commute / Commuter: 'ํ†ต๊ทผํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ 'ํ†ต๊ทผ์ž'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์„ž์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. (์˜ˆ: "My morning commute takes about an hour.")
  • On foot: ๊ฑธ์–ด์„œ ์ด๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” 'by foot'์ด ์•„๋‹Œ 'on foot'์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Rush hour / Peak hour: ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜ผ์žก์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Rush hour'๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—, 'Peak hour'๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ด์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Propensity: '์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ "have a propensity to save a seat"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์  ํŒ: 'Less' vs 'Fewer'

๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ—˜์ƒ์ด ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ **'fewer'**๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • Fewer: ๋’ค์— ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์˜ˆ: fewer people, fewer cars, fewer traffic problems)
  • Less: ๋’ค์— ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์˜ˆ: less energy, less money, less water)

4. ๊ณ ๋“์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์  ์ ‘๊ทผ

  • Proportionate rise: '๋น„๋ก€์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Flow around problems: ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค ์• ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๋•Œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • Space out my schedule: ์ผ์ •์„ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œ์ผœ ๊ตํ†ต ํ˜ผ์žก์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์Šค์ผ€์ค„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ตํ†ต ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด, ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜์™€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•(fewer vs less), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ตํ†ต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์ฒ ํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŽฏKey Sentences

1
I was caught in a traffic jam, which is my new excuse for having terrible timekeeping.
๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์„œ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์—‰๋ง์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ด€๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ€๋ช…์ด ๋์–ด์š”.
2
Some lucky souls get to go on foot, but the rest of us are like sardines in cans in the rush hour, unfortunately.
์šด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฝ‰ ๋ง‰ํžŒ ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ์† ์ •์–ด๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์„ธ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†์ง€.
3
You're lucky if you can get a seat, actually especially if you're a man.
์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚จ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ๋” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ด.
4
It's the same with most kinds of public transport, to be honest with you.
์†”์งํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์ด ๋‹ค ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
5
I imagine there's been a proportionate rise in the number of problems.
๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ๋น„๋ก€ํ•ด์„œ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง์ž‘๋ผ์š”.
๋ชจ๋‘ ํŽผ์น˜๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“Key Phrases

1
caught in a traffic jam
๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜”์–ด.
2
like sardines in a can
ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ์† ์ •์–ด๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
3
rush hour
์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„
4
have a propensity to
์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค
5
proportionate rise
๋น„๋ก€์  ์ฆ๊ฐ€
๋ชจ๋‘ ํŽผ์น˜๊ธฐ

๐Ÿ“– Transcript

Hello, lovely.
I'm Maria.
And my name is Rory, and we are the hosts of the IELTS Speaking for Success podcast.
The podcast aims to help you improve your speaking skills, as well as your listening skills, along the way.
We started this super podcast because we really want you to use high-level words and gorgeous grammar in your IELTS speaking and in your English life.
For a high score.

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