Why are social media algorithms so dangerous to young people?
Thanks for asking!
Beyond dancing, comedy and cute cat videos, social media sometimes hides a darker reality.
The algorithms that control what we see on those apps are meant to personalize the experience, but they can at times throw up problematic or even dangerous content.
And that's particularly true for younger users.
In October 2025, NGO Global Witness published an investigation revealing that TikTok directs new teenage users to pornographic content, even when using the platform's restricted mode.
Global Witness created seven fake profiles of 13-year-olds on factory reset smartphones with no browsing history.
In all cases, TikTok's search suggestions included highly sexualized options like unshaven girl, very rude babes and hardcore porn clips.
Within just a click or two, the fake profiles were shown pornographic content, ranging from content showing women flashing to hardcore porn showing penetrative sex.
Global Witness said it amounted to an apparent breach of the new UK Online Safety Act.
Is TikTok's algorithm any worse than that of other social networks?
Well, experts say that unlike other social media models, TikTok users don't choose their interests.
The algorithm automatically does so for them.
Back in 2023, Amnesty International described TikTok's For You feed as a highly personalized and infinitely scrollable page of algorithmically recommended content picked out to reflect what the system has inferred to be a user's interests.
The feed anticipates preferences, continuously offering new content to capture attention while at the same time collecting data.
This formula isn't entirely unique to TikTok.
It also exists on other platforms like Instagram and YouTube.
But the thing is they impact a particularly young audience on TikTok, who are all the more vulnerable because they don't necessarily have the maturity or the tools to deal with harmful content.
Take a step back from it and view things in perspective.
No.
Amnesty International's assessment of TikTok was based on research into mental health-related content, which can very quickly dominate a user's feed, in the same way as pornography can.
These algorithmic drifts mean that children and young people who watch mental health-related content on TikTok are quickly drawn into spirals of videos that idealize and encourage depressive thoughts, self-harm and suicide.
In February 2024, researchers from the Universities of London and Kent also noted how TikTok promotes the spread of sexist and misogynistic ideas, especially among young boys who are isolated or anxious.
These masculinist ideologies can then easily become normalized in young boys' online interactions.
Just think about the hit Netflix series Adolescence from earlier in 2025.
It's fair to say that pornographic, misogynistic and suicide-encouraging content represents a real risk for younger generations who are deeply immersed in social media and, more broadly, for society as a whole.
There you have it.
Now you know why social media algorithms can be so dangerous to young people.
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