Slow, Stop, & Reverse Aging: Peter Diamandis On Longevity Protocols, Lifestyle Medicine, & Optimizing Healthspan｜The Rich Roll Podcast

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Our ancestors would consider us as gods.

There's a lot coming.

We're beginning to understand, fundamentally, why do we age?

What is going on? The man or woman who has their health has a thousand dreams and the man or woman does not has but one.

Peter Diamandis is an antidote to the doomsday thinking that permeates our culture.

This is a guy who has devoted his life to proving that our future isn't just salvageable, it's potentially extraordinary.

Peter is the founder of XPRIZE and Singularity University and kind of a visionary who, for decades, has been ambitiously architecting solutions to some of humanity's most intractable challenges, leveraging optimism to transform imagination into reality.

I want people to have that longevity mindset.

Exercise is the number one pro -longevity thing you can do for yourself, especially if you're late 50s or into your over 60s.

You just have to decide whether you want to take control of your own situation or not.

His latest moonshot?

Extending human lifespan.

It's a hot topic, but how much agency do we actually have when it comes to aging?

And when it comes to extending longevity, what are the factors and habits that actually matter the most and to what extent is it rational to believe that AI and other technological breakthroughs are actually going to advance our potential to thrive for years beyond what we might currently believe possible.

These are about a few of the questions we tackle in today's conversation that attempts to parse actionable guidance from snake oil fantasy and basically begins and ends with the importance of mindset.

Mindset is the first step.

If I don't believe I can, then you won't.

This is very different time than the last 20, 30, 50 years.

Most people can figure out what to do with 10 or 20 years.

And I say, what about 50 years?

And their minds break.

Peter, great to see you.

Thanks for coming by today, man.

Thanks for having me back.

When we first sat down, when was that, like two years ago, year and a half ago or something like that?

But the focus was really on the book that you co -wrote with Tony Robbins, Life Force, we talked about the evolution of medical science from treating disease to this new era of thinking about preventing disease and then now promoting well being and this health span extension revolution that is the focus of the book and very much top of mind for you as an expert in that field.

A lot has happened since then.

So I'm interested in what has transpired because everything is moving so quickly.

Where is your head in terms of like the evolution that we've seen even in the last like year or two?

Sure, and my hope is for anybody watching this episode that they take away immediately useful things.

Yeah, we're gonna be focused on that.

And that's really, that's what this new book is really all about.

It's kind of like a how to practical, like incorporate into your life version of life force, which was a very thick book.

Yeah, I mean, life force was 700 pages and I'm like, I don't know how anyone has the time to read a 700 page book and get through it.

I said, there's so much information and I wanted to really boil it down to what you can do right now, what each thing can benefit you.

And one of the things most importantly is what I call getting a longevity mindset, right?

Getting mindset is one of the most important things.

We'll talk about mindset impacting your physiology, your health, but a longevity mindset is the idea that you're clear, there are so many breakthroughs arriving right now and over the decade ahead that could truly extend your health span and lifespan, that you're gonna do all that you can do today to being the best health, to intercept these technologies.

They're worth putting the investment of time, energy for going that doughnut, getting up and doing the exercise, going to bed early enough.

And I hope that I'll prove this to you and those watching because I think it's the greatest gift we can ever give everybody.

Health is a new wealth.

And this is a very different decade, the decade now, 2025 to 2035, than we've ever had.

It's a decade powered by AI, which is the biggest transformer of this field.

that's powered by CRISPR, by gene therapies, by single cell sequencing, by all these technologies that are helping us understand why people age, how to slow it, stop it, perhaps reverse it?

So there's the low -hanging fruit of like diet, exercise, sleep, you go into detail in the book about that.

Then the diagnostic tools that are becoming increasingly available for early detection, which is so huge in terms of staving off disease before it really gets out of the gate.

And then there are all of these sort of medical interventions and supplements.

And you know, that kind of leads you into some of these moonshots and where we're kind of headed with all of this.

But fundamentally, I'm glad you brought up mindset because none of this matters if you can't get your head around your relationship with yourself.

Right? Like that you have agency over this process.

That you are not on a course that's predetermined by your genetics.

and that you have a level of optimism and self -efficacy to exert some effort towards how you're thinking about how you're entering into these later decades.

And I think short of that, if you don't have that, you're just reacting to your environment on this kind of predetermined course.

Absolutely, so I mean, people should realize most folks think that their lifespan.

So let me define lifespan is how long your heart's taking, How long you're alive, whether you can think or do anything at all.

Healthspan is how long are you in great health where you have the vitality to live and enjoy your life, where you're enjoying your grandkids, you're enjoying what you're doing, and you have that vitality.

So that's healthspan.

And in the United States today, there's about a 17 year gap between lifespan and healthspan.

So lifespan on average is like 79 today.

Healthspan on average is 63.

So you hit, I'm 63 today, right?

And I feel like I'm in the best health I've ever been, you'll be there soon.

Soon, soon enough. Not yet, but soon enough.

And so the notion that it's a slow decline, and we'll talk about why that occurs, but saying, now I refuse to let this decline happen.

I'm going to take agency and do what I can.

And a lot of people think, well, my mom and dad passed at 70 or 75.

And so that's my future.

Well, it turns out that your genetics are not your longevity, vitality future in the whole.

There was a study done that showed that your true longevity is only about 7 % in your genes.

At the high end, it's potentially 30 % of your genetics, which means at the worst case, 70 % of your ability to have a long and healthy life is within your control.

And so if you know that first and foremost, you're willing to do what it takes to, you know, give yourself access and to do the right things from a lifestyle perspective.

But you're right. Mindset is the first step.

if I don't believe I can, then you won't?

Well, fundamentally either you believe that your behavior and your habits are either moving you towards health or away from health, or you don't, right?

So first of all, you have to flick that switch and say, what I eat, how I move, the people I interact with, the environments that I choose to inhabit.

Like do impact my wellbeing and the trajectory of how long I'm gonna be able to sustain health span, or you don't, right?

And if you do, then it's like, okay, well, the onus is on you.

Like if you have agency, like what are you doing to direct that?

Even the way you perceive the world has an impact.

There's a study I just wanna quote, I marked it here.

And I love this. It says in a study of 69 ,744 women and 1 ,429 men published in the prestigious journal proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is what...

Like highest level work, right?

It was found that optimistic people live as much as 15 % longer than pessimists.

And it's a good double benefit for being an optimist. Is that a mutable quality though?

I think it is. There's a lot of people who are dour in their lives and getting to flip over to an optimist. I think it is mutable.

So our brains are neural nets, right?

we have 100 billion neurons, 100 trillion synaptic connections.

And we shape our brain as you very well know by what's on our walls, the podcasts we listened to, right?

Here we are, your listeners listening to this.

TV shows you watch, who you hang out with, right?

What you read, all these things are constantly shaping your neural net, just like feeding data to Gemini, or chat, GPT feeds, it shapes its neural net.

that. And the problem is that we're living in a world where most people are bombarded by the news media.

And the news media, you couldn't pay me enough money to watch the evening news or read the morning paper.

They have an agenda and their agenda isn't to give you dystopian or optimistic news, it's to deliver your eyeballs to their advertisers.

That's their business.

And at the end of the day, we pay ten times more attention to negative in positive news, it's evolutionarily beneficial on the savannahs of Africa, 100 ,000 years ago, Russell and the leaves, if you thought wind, and it was a lion, you were screwed. Your genes were out of the gene pool.

And so, we developed a cognitive bias for negative news.

And we paid 10 times more attention to negative than positive news.

And so, for that reason, tomorrow morning open newspaper, count the number of negative it's at least 10 to one.

And is that the way the world truly is or is that just the way it's being presented to you?

On some level, every behavior change is a function of willingness and somebody who like, if you're like addicted to drugs you have to have a willingness to, you know explore sobriety.

If you're a fundamentally pessimistic person you have to have some willingness to try to shift that.

It has to be a why.

Yeah. So it's very hard to compel somebody who doesn't have a positive mindset to adopt a positive mindset short of their willingness on their own, it's an internally generated energy that's required.

But anybody who's listening to this podcast probably already has a relationship on some level with a growth mindset.

I would imagine your viewers do.

I mean, you're like the poster child for a growth mindset with all the things that you've manifested and all the different interests that you've explored, you're a very curious person.

But I think like any habit change or behavior change, it's about these tiny little things like, yes, maybe just don't watch the news or pay more attention to your information diet, like you can begin there.

Yeah, agreed. I mean, I pay as much attention to what I let into my mind as what I eat and let into my body.

Those are two things that very much shape you.

Part, it's having a why, like why do you wanna live an extra 20 or 30 years?

You know, I run an experiment with my abundance members where I'll say, okay, what will you do with an extra 10 years of life, of health, right?

Then I'll ask, okay, how about 20 years?

Most people can figure out what to do with 10 or 20 years.

And I say what about 50 years and their minds break?

You know, it's a very, it's very challenging for us but when you can connect to something like, you know I grew up sort of weaning on Star Trek and Apollo program.

And I just, I want to see humanity become a multiplanetary species.

I want to be part of that, that endeavor.

I want to meet my great grandkids.

I think it's the most exciting time ever to be alive.

And I want to see as much of it as I can.

And that inspires me.

There's a concept I talk about in the book, which I think is another part of the inspiration.

It's called longevity escape velocity.

And we might've talked about it last time, but it's worth recounting.

So, today, for every year that you're alive, science is extending your life for a quarter of a year or thereabouts.

Ray Kurzweil and Aubrey de Grey talked about this idea that in the future, for every year that you're alive, scientists are gonna extend your life for more than a year.

And that's called longevity escape velocity.

So when will that happen?

Well, Ray Kurzweil believes it will be by 2030 or by the end of the year 2030.

He's got an 86 % accuracy rate in his predictions.

Put it down good. That's a pretty bold proclamation.

We did talk about that last time, we also kind of discussed the philosophical implications of what that would mean.

What does it mean when suddenly everybody but he has a different relationship with death.

How does that impact your relationship with risk, your risk tolerance, what kind of decisions you make, what's going to happen with all these children that are now, you know, like there's population issues, there's employee, there's all kinds of very interesting thought experiments that play into that.

You know, 2030, that's coming up pretty quick.

You're an optimist. This is where we get into like, you're the moonshot guy and it's fun to play around with that.

Okay, but let's say it's 2040.

The way into the mindset shift, basically, whether you believe that's going to happen or not, it's like a window into like thinking differently about your own life and what might be possible, whether or not that happens or not almost doesn't matter.

It's like your relationship with your own kind of, you know, life and what it means and how you're finding purpose and what gets you excited and out of bed in the morning.

Yeah, and it may be that it's not extending You're living your life past a hundred, but what if it's giving you vital health till your 90s?

So you've got the aesthetics, the cognition, the mobility to really live a full life with these additional decades.

You know, George Church and David Sinclair, both Harvard professors in this field, their prediction is mid to late 2030s.

Even if it's 2040, the point I'm making is okay, that's, you know, call it 15 years from now, your job is not to die for something stupid in the interim and to give yourself the maximum chance to intercept these breakthroughs coming.

You don't want to be the last person to miss it, so to speak.

Sometimes I feel like, yeah, I'm right on the edge of that.

Like, yeah, like my kids, it will be very different, right?

Like, I'm kind of hoping to like, kind of just slide in.

You know, as the clock is ticking out.

What is the original inspiration or spark that got you interested in this field to begin with?

I'm not sure I asked you that last time.

There's a couple of things.

When I was in medical school, I watched a television show on long live, sea life.

And I learned that the bowhead whale could live 200 years and the Greenland shark could live 500 years and have babies at 200 years old.

And I'm like thinking if they can live that long, why can't I?

My answer, which I still believe is it's either an engineering problem, or software problem.

And we're gonna have the technology to change that to solve that.

And I think this next decade is that time.

AI is gonna have the biggest impact, right?

Well, it's certainly an extraordinary moment that we're in right now.

It is the most transition forward experience, you know, in the history of humanity.

The rate at which advances are being made is dizzying.

It's difficult to even like get our heads around it.

We become numb to it.

We've become totally numb to it, right?

I have a slide in a chapter when my next books called, Our Ancestors would consider us as gods.

We have god -like capability with a small G, right?

We're omniscient, we're omnipotent, we're omnipresent.

I can zoom any place, FaceTime any place.

I can know anything.

I mean, it's incredible what we take for granted.

We don't think about these things when we're using them in the moment.

We're frustrated because my Tesla autopilot wouldn't let me text currently while I'm driving.

It's like, damn it.

I've got something, yeah, that's awesome.

At the same time, lifespan is declining.

We're pretty unhealthy across the modern developed world, increasingly more and more unhealthy due to environmental reasons, our food environments, et cetera.

Our food companies, and pharma companies are killing us.

We may be, you know, god -like in certain qualities, but are we healthier?

Are we happier? It's an interesting tension or conundrum because there are all of these advances and all these possibilities at the same time, we're dealing with a population that is, that's experiencing, you know, chronic lifestyle ailments, you know, at epidemic levels right now.

So it's weird, right?

It's weird that we know more than we ever have. We've got tools to advance health in ways we never previously had.

and yet we're so unhealthy.

And, you know, I'm writing a book for Simon & Sister with Steven Kotler called Age of Abundance, which will come out in 2026.

And it's a continuation of my 2012 book.

And the argument for increasing abundance in the world, access to food, water, energy, healthcare, education, all these things, is just up and to the right.

But we also have an abundance of microplastics and abundance of depression and abundance of obesity and empty calories and all of these elements, which we need to address.

And those are very real.

Our food system is immoral.

And I hope the new administration will transform that.

It's the first time I have any hope of that.

But today's children's cereals should have black box warnings on them and the amount of sugar's in there.

It's killing us. Yeah, even since we last spoke, there's been an increase in receptivity and awareness around these ideas.

There's people on social media who are really, pushing the outer boundaries of what's possible, sharing their stories about this.

At the same time, that always comes with pushback.

Like there's like increasing kind of like dismissiveness or resistance to these ideas, like how are you seeing the world at large in terms of how receptive they are to kind of what you have to share around this idea.

Listen, I am sure I'm in my own echo chamber, to be clear, as many of us are.

But so far I think post -COVID, people care a lot more about their health than they ever had.

And I'm getting a very positive response to the notion that you can become the CEO of your own health.

And that there are things that you could and should do right now.

And, you know, listen a lot of some things are expensive, but a lot of them are free, right.

And I think that people just need to know and then have the motivations to implement them.

If they care about they feel agency, they have to understand the power this has for them, the benefits it has for them.

And that they can move the needle.

If you don't believe that, you're not gonna do it.

Yeah. I mean, you're the moonshot guy.

It's fun to talk about like, what is it gonna look like in 30 years, 50 years?

Let's focus on what's exciting now, these kind of emerging protocols with things like, NAD Plus and Rapa Mice and and you're deep into all that stuff.

It can speak fluently about what we should know and understand about these things, but fundamentally and as you lay out, pretty bluntly in the book, most of these things don't cost money.

It's like diet, exercise, sleep - Sleep, mindset.

Mindset. Those are things we all have to deal with - And we've known about this for centuries.

Yeah. There's ancient Greek writings about the importance of these things, and still people haven't done it.

There is something coming to support them there.

besides, you know, my longevity guidebook and it's going to be the power of AI to be your coach, your supporter to help you remember what you set out you want to do.

AI systems, you know, we're not far from Jarvis, from Iron Man, where your AI is there saying don't eat that first have a glass of water.

Or there's stairs right on the corner, take those instead of the elevator.

Or you're at 9000 steps, take a quick walk before dinner get to 10 ,000.

This thing is so annoying.

You're gonna have the option to turn it on or turn it off.

But you have to, the motivation.

So that's one part.

I mean, Ariana Huffington has a program called Thrive Global, which is used inside of companies.

These are micro steps.

It's remembering, I mean, they're little things like taking a deep breath, just before eating to put yourself into parasympathetic.

There's like the order in which you eat your food matters, all right?

If you eat your veggies first, which is your fiber, it will slow down your digestive tract, allow you to absorb the nutrients, and then eat your protein.

And then if you have room still last, to eat your carbs.

But every restaurant brings the bread basket out first. And there's a reason they do that.

I mean, we're all being manipulated in that fact.

The bread and the wine spikes your blood glucose and then spikes your insulin.

And then you get hungry and you order more food.

You just have to decide whether you want to take control of your own situation or not.

On the diet piece, we don't need to belabor it.

I mean, you make it pretty simple.

It's basically - A sugar is a poison.

Yeah, no sugar, whole foods close to their natural state mostly plants, you know, you have a whole section on protein and your thoughts on protein particularly as we age and why it becomes more important in terms of maintaining and building muscle mass which becomes increasingly more difficult the older we get.

You look pretty good.

You look super fit.

I know you work out every single day.

No, at least five days a week.

I'd like to say a day, but yeah.

Yeah, yeah. How is your ability to recover?

Like what have you learned from your fitness regimen that works and doesn't work?

Do you need to take a little bit more time in between the more intense workouts?

No, I know what works for me right now, which is I'll do a 35, 40 -minute workout, the same workout every day.

I don't follow the experts of doing upper body and lower body and so forth.

When I have time, I execute on my workout.

And I've gone from a state of last year focusing on building 10 pounds of muscle mass to this year really maintaining that muscle mass, which by the way, has so many different benefits, including helping to minimize your injury.

Because as we get older, injury is our greatest threat.

And so muscle mass helps you to maintain balance and on a fall, maintain your skeletal system in place.

But I do think that exercise is the number one pro longevity thing you can do for yourself, especially if you're, in your late fifties or into your over sixties.

And it's a matter of having the motivation to do it.

You know so I try and prioritize it really first thing in the morning when I've got most control on my schedule and where I have the most willpower.

Your willpower erodes as you go through the night, which is why, you know, getting your cheesecake at midnight snack is the opposite thing you're supposed to do.

So it's some combination of strength training, high -intensity training and so on.

Yeah. So it's strength muscle mass.

And then the other thing is stimulating mitochondria.

Right? So one of the things, I'm on too many boards and when I'm sitting on my butt in a board meeting, it's like the worst thing.

I think of sitting as the new smoking.

And so I've got a techno gym bike where I will basically hop on the bike and maintain my heart rate at a about 110 beats per minute.

And it's my zone two training and it's meant to stimulate my mitochondria.

And then a few times a week, I'll do high intensity interval training, where it's like 60 seconds of, as fast as I can go get my heart rate up to 145 beats per minute, 60 seconds of just nothing.

And then cycle through that.

And again, all of this is about signaling your mitochondria that they're loved, they're needed, please replicate, yeah.

And it will continue to kind of love you back in kind, as long as you keep doing it.

It will. And there's incredible work being done in the lab right now to stimulate all of these things.

You know, I think one thing I write about in the book that's very, that's an important frame for me is that we're all born with 3 .2 billion letters from your mom and from your dad.

And that's your software you're running.

And you've got the same software or when you're born, when you're 20, when you're 50, when you're 100, why do you look different?

And it turns out it's not the genes you have, it's your epigenome, epi from the Greek word for above.

And it's which genes are on and which genes are off.

And as we age, the right genes turn off, they get silenced, the wrong genes get turned on, and we have this genetic drift. And so the question is, is when we're talking about reversing aging, it's can you bring back your epigenome so the right genes stay on and turned on.

And there's so many drugs and cellular medicines in development right now to help you do that.

And that's exciting of what's coming.

When we're ready to talk about that, there's one in particular that I find fascinating.

Yeah, let's put a pin on that for now.

Just kind of staying with the top level stuff that is accessible to everyone.

I love the fact that you drew conscious attention to oral health.

I think that this is really overlooked and not discussed enough in the context of how important it is.

I mean, you just think, oh, well, of course you don't want disease, gums, or infections, and bad breath and the like.

You want your teeth to be white, et cetera.

But the connection between oral health and cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive disease is like very real.

Yeah, so your mouth is very close to your brain and there are a lot of blood vessels, you know, very blood vessel rich and you have constantly organisms that are moving into your bloodstream from your mouth.

And if you've got gum disease, Gingivitis and such, that protective layer erodes and you're at increased risk for cardiovascular and neurocognitive disease and I have really tripled down on it and I, I have a section in the book that talks about oral health but also in my routines and I have increased that because as you get older you're more vulnerable there.

So, yeah, I won't go into all of the elements here and people can read about it, but it's not just brushing your teeth twice a day, which is a minimum, right?

And if you're a smoker, obviously don't smoke.

That really causes havoc in your dental and oral situation.

Yeah. The link with heart disease is something that I learned like when I was a teenager, I had all these periodontal problems and I had to have like curitage, and like I was like, I used to have massive infections and my mouth all the time.

And those infections like get into your system and lead directly towards like arterial damage around the heart.

What's cool is that you do, in the book you're like, not only do you have like, here's what the science says about all these various things, you're like, here's what I do, and you go through like your whole day and like here's my protocol and exactly what I do.

This book started as a request from a friend to tell me what to do.

I don't want to read 700 page book.

Well that was the difference.

Lifeforce was a big book with beautiful stories and Tony's amazing.

And he and I worked on it for like 18 months and interviewed so many people.

But at the end of the day, people like, just what do you do?

Like what do you take?

What pills do you take?

What's your routines?

And it grew from a 10 page document, Word document to like 50 pages to 100 pages.

like screw it I'm just going to turn this into a book.

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On the subject of what exactly should I be doing?

What is your perspective on Brian Johnson and his blueprint protocol.

Like where do you agree with him?

Where do you like look at that and say like, no, no, no. So I've known Brian for a decade.

I was one of the very first phone calls he made when he sold Brain Tree his company.

And he became an investor in one of my companies called Human Longevity Inc.

And he became an investor, joined the board, became very involved there.

Both he and I got disillusioned with the direction HLI was going.

We won't go into the details, but broke off.

And then he ended up going into the brain -computer interface space.

And it was fascinating to see him get back into the longevity space.

So I think a lot of the stuff he's doing is fascinating experimentation on himself, and the fact that he's so open to sharing the details and he's awesome.

I honestly don't wanna hear about his erections.

I think he's, you know, just gotten overboard in a number of the areas, which is, you know, we live in a click bait society and he's generating a lot of click bait.

Yeah, he knows how to get attention.

He knows how to get people engaged, whether that's good or bad, I don't know.

Like he's drawn a lot of attention to himself and there's a lot of interest and curiosity around him as a figure.

Cause he's a very kind of, you know, unique expression of the humanity.

He's an extremist. Yeah, and like, I'm kinda glad he's out doing all that kind of stuff and the transparency with which he shares it.

I mean, he knows how to like, you know, kind of make the video that's gonna get everyone to click on it.

And he's sort of like an explorer in this world, and most of this stuff, maybe, isn't gonna work, but at least somebody's out there trying it and reporting back, I guess.

I went to one of his, you know, kind of Jeffersonian dinners where the question is posed like you mentioned the AI, that's gonna kind of help you make the right decisions.

And the question that provides the structure for the discussion is basically like if there's a super intelligence, would you basically relinquish your agency over to it?

If it was gonna always make you know, help you make the decision that's gonna drive the optimal health outcome with the caveat that you can't opt out, like you have to do what it says because then you can't like cancel your membership or whatever.

Which is a provocative question because we wanna think that we, you know, know what makes me human is my agency and our instinct that you know, we do make good decisions on our own behalf, which we don't.

Yes, it's confronting because we actually don't, right?

And so it sort of provokes an interesting conversation.

Listen, I think anything that helps society as a whole begin to envision an increasing control over their health, over their longevity is a good thing.

I do that work through my books, my podcasts, my fountain life, I just don't talk about my reactions.

Yeah. You have to have some zone of privacy, Peter, I respect you for that.

I want to talk about diagnostics, because I think this, and I know we talked about this a little bit last time, But to me this seems like the most kind of powerful set of tools that are, I mean, they're expensive.

But like if you're thinking about like, I don't wanna just treat a disease, when I get it, I wanna prevent it, like early detection with the advances that we're seeing in these diagnostic tools that can literally identify diseases, you know, in their very early stages when they actually can be treated, I think is really the future of where, you know, to where healthcare should be going?

Is it going in that direction?

You have found life and you have this clinic, but like what is the adoption kind of mentality around this?

So you know, the basic question is when is the best time to find disease?

It's at inception at stage zero.

And I'm in a room of a thousand people giving a keynote on longevity or AI.

And I'll ask how many of you here are absolutely sure there's nothing going on inside your body you need to know about.

And no one raises their hand, right?

Because when you stop, when you think about it, you honestly have no idea what's going on inside your body.

But you can know and you I don't want to say should know, you need to know.

So here's some numbers.

70 % of individuals who die from a cancer die from a cancer that is never tested routine that we don't routinely test for.

They die from a glioblastoma or pancreatic cancer.

or they don't die from breast or colon or prostate because we test for that.

Well, it's great, but guess what?

You die from the other ones.

When you have a cancer, God forbid, you don't feel cancer until stage three or stage four.

You don't feel anything at the very beginning.

And you go into the hospital with a pain in your side and the doctor says, I'm sorry to tell you this, but you've got so and so.

I just found out this week that a dear friend of mine, one of my closest high school friends has, you know, metastatic pancreatic cancer with like a week left to live.

And I was in tears yesterday hearing about this.

And it's like, we don't know what's going on in our bodies, but you can, you know, 70 % of people have a heart attack, don't have any precedent, no shortness of breath.

Calcium escort is meaningless because it's a soft plaque that can kill you that can erupt in the middle of the night.

Block a coronary artery, deprive the muscle tissue of your heart from oxygen and glucose, and then that tissue's dead.

So, the realization is I'm a pilot, I fly a couple of planes, And before I get into the airplane, I check all the systems, I look at all the gauges, making sure everything is working well.

But we know more about our cars and our refrigerators than we do inside our bodies.

But you can know. And if you can't know, I think you wanna know.

People will go, oh no, no, I don't want to know.

That's the thing. There is a fear around it.

Like, if I go do that, I'm gonna find something out.

I feel okay. Like, you know, no, thank you.

And the reality is, you're going to find out eventually.

You want to find out when you can do something about it, or when it's too late.

You know, the person who walks into the hospital with the pain and the doctor says, I'm sorry to tell you.

You have this, this and this, they didn't get it that morning.

It's been going on for some time.

So Tony Robbins, Bill Cap, Bob Hurry and I started an organization, a company called Fountain Life.

And Fountain is, we have four centers today.

We'll be adding in New York, our headquarters in Orlando, Naples, Florida, Dallas, we'll be adding four more LA next year, which I'm excited about at the Fairmont hotel, the Ritz Carlton and ours in Phoenix, in Houston, and then there's one more location probably in England.

And then we've got a runway of 25 more and it's a membership model where people come and it's not just a upload, we basically extract 200 gigabytes of data about you.

It's a full body MRI, a brain, brain vasculature MRI, a coronary CT of your lung with an AI overlay look, I'm sorry of your heart looking for soft plaque, low dose lung CT, DEXA scan, skin, skin, skin, metabolomics, blood chemistries, your microbiome, your full genome.

It's everything noble about you to answer two questions.

Is there anything going on inside you right now that you need to know about?

And I'll tell you what the data is right now.

And then the second is what's likely to happen to you?

And how do we optimize you and prevent it?

Hmm. Of our first five, 6 ,000 members, 2 % of them have a cancer they don't know about.

2 .5 % have an aneurysm they don't know about and 14 .4 % have either metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease.

It's like we're all optimists about our health.

So when that person comes in, you do this battery of tests.

You have all of this data, let's say you fall into that category of, you know, maybe you don't have any identifiable cancer, but, hey, listen, there's some, there's some heart disease on the horizon here.

We see these plaques, etc. You know, how do you then develop a protocol to like move them away from that?

So that's really important.

One of the things you don't wanna do is get a data dump and then just say goodbye, right?

I mean, like there are companies out there that will do an MRI scan for you.

will give you a printout and you're on your own.

So what we did with Fountain Life is we created a wrap -around medical care or concierge care around that.

So besides the upload, which takes about four and a half, five hours, you get a functional medicine longevity physician, right?

And functional medicine is really important.

For me, it's the highest level.

It's the root cause training that physicians get.

It's very rare. It's going to be increasing, it's understanding at a molecular level.

Why is there a disease?

You don't look at the organ.

What's going on at a cellular level It's causing that situation.

So you get a functional medicine doctor, you get a nurse, you get a dietician and a health coach that are with you for the entire year.

And the goal is here's our, I got texted by Mona, my Found Life doctor this morning, how you feeling, what's going on?

Are you feeling excellent?

I said, well, I got this and this and say, okay, I'm on it, right?

So you've got a support team and then you're testing through the years.

So I take 75, 80 supplements right now, medicines, which is a ridiculous number.

Ridiculous number. I know, I know.

And in the book, I talk about what I take and exactly why, and I didn't start with 80, I got up there.

My mom keeps on saying, Peter, how do you know these things don't interfere with each other?

I say, Mom, I don't actually, but we will know.

But I measure my blood's biomarkers and everything at least a quarterly basis.

And I modify everything.

Like, okay, I want to increase this, decrease this.

And I do publish that data and I'm learning, I'm learning about my body.

Eventually an AI will be doing this for me autonomously and just constantly optimizing.

And I think that's within the next three years that's coming.

It's a curious thing though, this like focus on self -optimization, And I have concerns around like the obsessiveness with which a lot of people kind of like interact with these ideas in a way that they're kind of - Missing life.

It's a way to distract you from living your life.

Like if you're so focused on like metrics all the time.

And there's something that's at cross purposes with true health span, which is kind of making your life about something bigger than yourself and investing in other people and all of that.

And all of this inward gaze.

You know, I think sometimes, I think moves people away from other aspects of life that are important in order to kind of enjoy the fullness of this experience that we're having.

I get it. I get it.

But the reality is my number one pro longevity activity is my two 13 year old boys, right?

Just love spending time with them and they keep me young.

I had kids when I was 50.

3D. And, you know, the work that I do is very fulfilling for me with the XPRIZE Foundation and Singularity and Abundance 360 and the books that I write.

And I have a very rich community.

But I'm exploring, and I'm building businesses in this area, and it's going to become something eventually, if it's three years, five years, where the systems are in place, where this happens in the background mode.

So I'm wearing an Aura ring, an Apple watch, I've got a Dexcom, and this is going to my phone right now.

I have on my phone, my Fountain Life AI where all of my data from all of my scans and all on my blood tests are constantly downloaded.

And I can talk to my AI and ask it, like what happened recently and so forth.

Eventually your AI is gonna become your health partner to help you achieve your goals, set your goals.

And I'm gonna tell you what to take.

You know, listen, lean on, you know, lay off the red meat this week.

If you want, if you want, I mean, people take a decision.

are they happy with the 80 years they've got?

Would they like 100 years?

That's up to everybody individually.

What are your boys, your twins think about all this.

Are they into it? Listen, they're 13 year old boys they're gonna make fun of their dad.

So I tell them, I mean, we will always be 50 years apart.

I said, when you're 50 and you've got kids, I want to be there to enjoy you when you're a hundred.

Well, we'll see if I'm still around.

Like how does the traditional mainstream medical establishment like respond to you and what you're doing and like what you're doing at fountain, like, do you see movement?

Is it changing? Is it evolving into a more kind of like functional embrace of all of these ideas or is it still entrenched and stuck and it's in its ways?

Listen, there are those on the edge of the system that are peering over super curious and seeing, wow, I'd like to learn more.

There are those who say, and we see this all the time with our members, my doc told me not to do this, because you'll find something.

And it's like, okay.

It's kind of strange.

I mean, we've saved hundreds and hundreds of lives, and I'm very proud of what our teams have done.

What's strange is that it used to be that the resolution of a lot of these tests were not very high.

And you would discover through an MRI or CT, what was called an incidental OMA like something that - Like a shadow or something.

Yeah, and then you're gonna find it, you're gonna go pursue it.

Guess what? You know, what we're doing now in Fountain is what I call multimodal diagnostics.

It's not just the image, it's the image plus your blood chemistries, plus your genetics, plus your, we do a grail gallery test, which is a blood test looking for free -floating DNA from potential cancer cells, and you get signal information from multiple different places.

And it's the integration of all of that that gives you a high likelihood that something's going on, that we need to dig into deeper.

It's not the way it was 20 years ago, there's a lot of progress that's been made.

Yeah, I mean, this idea that, you don't do a test unless there's something wrong, right?

It's sort of like, like don't take so many pictures with your camera because there's only 24 frames on a roll, like, we're not in that world anymore.

That's a great version.

Like it goes back to mindset, like what is your mindset around this?

like why is your reflex like don't test unless there's something wrong?

By the time there's something wrong, it may be too late.

But I think it's a mindset that's a reflection of a paradigm that's slowly eroding as we kind of enter this new paradigm.

And I would suspect that at least among the younger generation of doctors, they're the ones who are peering over the fence and interested in these things.

Like you don't go into medicine unless you wanna like, promote health and you're interested in the wellbeing being of the patients you're going to be treating.

But they're stuck in a business model that prevents them from being able to do that.

And I think, what is happening is people like yourself are creating viable business models out there that show a different way of practicing medicine where you don't have to restrict yourself to that 15 minute period and, get your prescription pad out.

seven minutes these days.

Is it seven? Yeah, I got seven minutes to see this patient and move them through.

It's awful. And then on top of that, you've got the fact that it's not a healthcare system, it's a sick care system.

It's waiting for things to break before you address them.

The problem is getting buy -in from the insurance companies.

I mean, that's what really is gonna shift it.

And that is only gonna be accomplished when you can convince these conglomerates that they're going to save money by covering the procedures that are going on in your clinic.

I had, do you know Robin Burzan?

She has a series of clinics called Parsley Health and she has gotten, it's functional medicine.

She's in New York, but there's clinics and a lot of it's virtual online, but she's getting real buy -in from the big players in insurance.

And I think that's the real kind of like paradigm shifter here.

Yeah, I mean, this has been private pay.

Yeah, it's expensive.

Yeah, the fountain apex membership is 19 ,500 bucks.

It's expensive right?

A year right. Most people per year and.

And to be a member of this thing.

It's like out of reach for - Yeah, for a majority of all people.

I fully know that. It's not just the testing, right?

The most expensive part is the wraparound medical care.

It's the humans in the loop.

And we're gonna demonetize that.

We're gonna get, you know, the new imaging systems are becoming cheaper where AI radiologists are actually gonna become are probably and will maintain being better than human radiologists.

And then the human in the loop will be partially in the loop but AI is will be that.

So we're gonna see a cost reduction over time.

We've just announced something called a core membership, which is $6 ,500, trying to make it more affordable.

And it's for companies to provide to their employees.

So, listen, I teach this, most people may know me as a technologist, as a, sort of, AI tech entrepreneur.

And I teach the idea of the six D's of exponentials, that when you can digitize something, you dematerialize, demonetize and democratize those things, right?

So the cell phone, the original camera, digital camera was from Kodak.

When you digitized it, it dematerialized the phone into your handset here and demonetized and democratized access.

But in the beginning, it's deceptively slow change, right?

It took like 20 years for the digital camera to go from something in the lab to something that was disrupting Kodak.

And then it becomes disruptive.

And so we're gonna see that level of change.

we're gonna see AIs in your home and sensors on your body.

In fact, we have, at Fountain, we have a program called Fountain at Home, which is how do we move all of this into your home, so into your bed, your chair, your urinal.

So you're constantly uploading data to your AI at little to no cost so that you're constantly being monitored to find the disease at the very beginning.

These changes are coming.

Yeah, all you have to do is think about the crisper example and how complicated and how expensive was it to like map the genome at the beginning?

$3 billion for the first genome, that Craigventer did it for a hundred million and it's down below 500 bucks now.

I just saw a company report that they think they can do a $10 genome.

And then the world changes, right?

You go in for a dental checkup and it'll sequence your genome to decide, which is the best anesthetic for your mouth or every kid born.

My niece just had a baby today, it's like it isn't routine to sequence the genome, but every child should be sequenced because it will tell you about their early years before then communicate.

I mean, there's a lot, the world's about to change in a medical health realm.

Imagine you suddenly became surgeon general or you had some like role of power where you could kind of like, you know, make these things happen at scale, like what would that look like?

Like right now with the technology that is currently available without thinking about like what's on the horizon?

Yeah, the very first thing is what RFK is working on is reinvent our food system.

Cause our food system is killing us.

Ultra -processed foods, sugar, salts, all of these things that stuff that's cheap and tasty, It's destroying Americans' lives.

And I'm clear about that.

That's the first and foremost. You know, there might be educational programs we put in place.

But then it's, you know, what we're finding has the most impact is MRI imaging to find aneurysms and cancer.

There are programs under development that will take an MRI from an hour and effectively, you know, a couple thousand dollars, down to 10 minutes and a couple of hundred bucks.

I've seen the tech. So helping that move along and then putting that where it's accessible to everybody.

And a lot of companies don't realize how much money they could save on their healthcare and on lost days of work and on replacing employees if they just put a sliver of money into helping your employee feel better and be in a better health.

So I think those things, one of the X prizes I want to do.

So, as you know, I run this X -Prize Foundation for 30 years now.

I'm chairman of it.

Anushan Sary, who's our CEO, runs it.

We just launched a $101 million prize for extending the healthy human lifespan by 20 years.

But another prize I want is we should be able to create a suite of sensors that is on your body that's measuring five or six key parameters into an AI and then the AI providing feedback to optimize your health, your practices, you know, Thrive Global that Ariana runs does similar things, but without the easy access to data.

So I think sensors and AI are gonna give us a way to really, in background mode, make sure we're healthy, we're developing healthy habits, we're putting ourselves into a power sympathetic mode, when we're stressed, when we're doing the right things, we reduce that stress.

I think all of these things are coming and should be implemented.

I think that the real opportunity community is in the synthesis of all the data to help us really understand what's important along with kind of guidance around how to kind of move the needle in the right direction.

Because right now, we have lots of sensors.

I'm wearing a whoop, you've got an aura, whether it's levels or whatever patch you have on that's monitoring your glucose levels.

We have sleep metrics.

We have a lot of data already at this point.

And I think the average consumer kind of looks at it and tries to draw conclusions in these apps sort of provide some kind of feedback, but it's very general and I don't know that it's necessarily all that helpful yet.

And none of these things are talking to each other.

So we're not treating any of these things holistically.

We're kind of picking and choosing and we're kind of making up our own minds about the inferences that we're making from these data sets.

Like we're not qualified to like really understand and like the nuances of what HRV means and how, and the variations, you know, when we wake up and we see what it is, what we're supposed to do with that.

You know what I mean?

And what we could do through the day to increase our HRV or prepare ourselves for sleep.

And I do think we're going to have these AI health coaches.

And I think they are going to be something which ultimately is free because your company will pay for it.

because it increases your productivity, your energy levels, reduces healthcare costs and so forth, then the economics will be strongly in favor of giving it to your employee.

There's a little Orwellian overtone to that.

Maybe, I mean, maybe you can opt out, but do you remember Progressive Car Insurance had a box they could put in your car that would monitor the acceleration of like, did you break hard, do you accelerate fast, all of that?

Did you have an accident?

And if you put this in your car, they gave you a much lower insurance rate.

Now is that Orwellian?

Maybe, do I want the lower insurance rate?

Sure. And is it gonna make me...

Are they reporting that to your employer though?

But is it making you a safer driver?

Is it making you a healthier person?

Listen I think, one of my favorite sayings is the man or woman has her health has 1000 dreams and the man or woman does not has but one.

And so, don't you want your health?

If there were little things you could do through the day and it was easy for you, why not?

Hmm, I mean, maybe you had a death wish, that's fine but that's not all of us.

I think it's important to realize that this is a very different time than the last 20, 30, 50 years.

We're beginning to understand And unfundimately, why do we age?

What is going on? And so one of the things we do at Fountain is we're searching the world for high reward, low risk therapeutics, things that can make you feel better younger and actually measurably do this.

You know, I've got this $101 million health span prize that's focused on reversing the a functional loss in muscle immune cognition.

So that with a year of therapy, that year of therapeutic, if the winning team pulls it off, you've got your ability to build muscle you had when you were 20 years younger, you've got the ability to mount an immune reaction like you did 20 years younger and your span of memory and such is what was.

So we have 460 teams in that competition and the stuff that we're seeing is amazing.

Some of those will flow into centers like Fountain Life.

One of the ones I'm excited about is a company called Amongus.

We've just announced a partnership with them.

We're gonna make this available to our members at no cost in part of a phase two FDA trial.

And Hans Kier said as a CEO, And he's developed a product which is, it's the exosomes and growth factors being put out by a specific kind of young stem cell.

And he's characterized it and he's been able to reproduce this consistently.

It has 440 parts that it puts out of growth factors, mRNAs, exosomes.

And that's the drug and he gives it on a weekly basis, is phase one trial of 18 patients, I think it was aged like 55 to 75, these are people who have severe osteoarthritis.

They're in pain, they can't walk.

Here are the results from their phase one trial, no negative side effects at all.

The members had a reduction in pain between 50 to 70 % consistently.

They had an increase in muscle mass.

And remember these people are effectively bedridden or chairridden, an increase in muscle mass by 6%, a reduction in their immune age by 30 years and a reduction in whole body inflammation by 50%.

All other variables checked.

What was the sample size on that?

18. 18. Yeah, so it's small, but it was consistent across all of them, and they're doing a large -scale study next.

What was the timeline?

It's over three months.

Three months, okay.

So, it was a weekly injection over that period of time, and then the six -minute walk test increased by like 150 % or something like that.

The point is it was like, this is incredible that these young stem cell growth factors were signaling the body to reverse its functional age.

And so it's stuff like that that's in the lab right now that gives me tremendous hope, right?

And there's a number of other similar type situations coming out of stem cells and other areas.

So there's a lot coming, and I think, I want people to have that longevity mindset, like, wow, if I can, if I take care of myself, right?

And I write about those in the book, I can intercept these coming technologies.

I'm interested in parsing, you know, fact, not necessarily from fiction, but maybe fact from overeagerness.

Like, there's a lot of, you know, interest in hell span extension right now in longevity.

There's a lot of kind of quote unquote experts out there saying lots of things.

And I think for the average consumer, it's like, where do I find my footing in this?

Like, what do I really need to know, you know, people with products, et cetera, and it's just, it's really hard to know like, what's efficacious here, you know?

Who's giving me the straight story about the most important things and maybe, you know, a couple cherries on top because it's fun, and I have some disposable income.

versus somebody who's over extrapolating from weak data sets to make claims that are a little bit, you know, they're a little bit over their skis on.

Yeah, for sure. You need to look at the data.

You need to look at the scientists.

You need to look at all of that, right?

So, I tried in Longevity Guidebook to provide the data that I've been using to make my own decisions, right?

And so it's the references are all there and the the study sizes are all quoted and so forth And We're gonna see a lot more in the years ahead Is it still early days?

Sure, but I would rather be alive today than you know Than 50 I was alive 50 years ago, but you know what I mean As was I yeah The new year is upon us.

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So diet, sleep, exercise, you know, stress levels, things like that, things that we all kind of like already understand.

There's still the fundamentals that are critically important for us.

But like beyond that, when we start to, you know, we've talked about diagnostics and as we kind of move into, you know, the sort of newer frontiers of what we're seeing and understanding and things that you're experimenting with with respect to medical interventions, supplements and hormone therapy and all the like, like what are some of the top level things that you think move the needle are important for people to understand and worthy of their own exploration?

It's always like for whom and when.

In the book, you're always like, look, you could see everything I'm doing, but like, everybody's different.

I say that over and over again.

But here's the thing, Peter, like, like, you know, Brian does the same thing, but people just want to do Brian's blueprint protocol exactly the way he does it like, because it just makes it easy.

So anyway, go ahead.

Well, I mean, listen, it's not rocket science right now to be clear.

It is exercise, just get your butt out of bed, and exercise is the number one pro longevity thing.

It reduces all cause mentality by threefold your chance of cancer by 50%.

If you're over 16 exercising, Just get those muscles moving, resistance exercise, right?

Lift some weights, go and walk.

I mean, I can't say it more clearly, get eight hours of sleep, our body needs sleep.

If we were able to get away with less time, evolution would have gotten rid of sleep.

You are open for predation.

You are not being productive.

It is the most wasted time in the world, but it's not.

that, you know, it's during sleep that you clear proteins from your brain.

And if you're someone who's not sleeping, who's routinely, you know, just has a regular shift work and you're short -changing yourself with the only species on the planet that actively short -changes the amount of sleep we get, you have a massively increased chance of Alzheimer's or other neurocognitive diseases.

And then I can't stress this enough.

I love sugar just like everybody else, but it is you have to remember our physiology, our genetics maps against our evolution 200 ,000 years ago.

And 200 ,000 years ago, there wasn't sugar in our diet.

There was a little bit of fruit.

There wasn't like sugarcane, none of this stuff.

We went from like 100 years ago, like a couple of kilograms of sugar per person per year I think it's like a hundred kilograms per person per year right now and sugar is a neuro -inflammatory it's a cardiac inflammatory it gloms on to proteins let me put it this way we just did a study out of fountain looking at cardiovascular disease and what was the highest thing that correlates with cardiovascular disease.

Was it LDL or HDL or LP little A or triglycerides?

No. It was your hemoglobin A1C, which correlates to the amount of glucose in your bloodstream.

More than APOB even.

More than everything.

It was the number one correlant to cardiovascular disease.

There has to be confounding variables with that, right?

If somebody's eating a lot of sugar, what else are they doing?

What are their habits?

I'm sure there is. Yeah, it's like, yeah, no, it's interesting.

What do you say to the carnivore enthusiasts?

Cause you're pretty clear on saturated fat and you're kind of like a Dean Ornish guy.

Yeah, I will tend towards, and I think Dean is brilliant.

If you haven't read his books you should, but I tend towards a whole plant diet and fish.

So I guess a pescatarian one would say more Mediterranean, anything else.

I stay away from red meat, And that's a choice again from an inflammation standpoint, but I put in my muscle mass by taking in 150 grams of protein and creatinine and then working out five days a week and just doing it viciously, consistently.

Now my job is to maintain it.

So when you sit down and do a carnivore diet host podcast, and he tells you, look, this is, you know, everything you've ever heard about saturated fat is wrong.

I've never been healthier.

This is the way to go.

So I have been on a hard keto diet and I have been for about a year and a bit and I did a vegan diet for a year and a bit.

Each have their advantages.

Each have their advantages, but guess what?

We are not all the same.

It depends on your genetics, depends on where your family's origin is.

Are you from Alaska?

Are you from Africa?

Are you from the Mediterranean?

That will affect very much. It also depends upon what gut flora you're carrying.

All of this is to a large degree impacted by the microbes, the 100 trillion microbes in your gut.

And so all these things affect.

It's not as simple.

I do know that I feel like I can't go wrong on the diet.

I'm on, cause it's my family is a Mediterranean family for generations back.

Where's the science in terms of what we can extrapolate from the gut microbiome in terms of kind of lifestyle guidance.

Like you can take a sample of the gut microbiome.

Is the information that you're looking for in that, like do we have the technology to learn from that and say, this is somebody who should be doing this and that and avoiding these foods and focusing more on these foods.

I believe it is there and getting stronger.

Are you familiar with a company called Vyome?

Yeah. Yeah. So Navinjain runs Vyome and they have a million plus samples where they take a blood stool and oral sample.

And they're looking at microbiome in, in your stool and your mouth, and they're looking at the transcriptome.

So one of the things that they did the work on, which I'm very proud of them for, is your DNA is one thing, your RNA is another.

So if you, you can, your DNA isn't changed over time.

Right, you get the same DNA as you were when you're a kid, But what changes is which genes are being transcribed, right?

And so the DNA is there 22 ,000 genes in 3 .2 billion letters of your life.

And then as you grow older or you change your diet or you change your environment, some genes are turned off and some genes are turned on.

The genes are turned on get transcribed.

They get turned into RNA.

And so if you measure the RNA, you then know which genes are active.

And so that's what they've done, and they have like, trillions of samples, and they've got a really strong AI team correlating that.

They will give you a result of that based upon what's in your gut.

These are the foods that are your superfoods.

These are the foods that you should avoid.

These are the foods that are okay.

And again, it's the beginning of this journey, but it's definitely where we're going.

Given the fact that obesity is driving so many of these chronic lifestyle ailments, what are your thoughts on OZMPEC and GLP 1s?

Wow. I'm frustrated by it.

People want a get rich quick pill, or get thin quickly pill.

And for certain people who are morbidly obese, it's an important thing.

But one of the things if you're on ozempic, this is your chance to use that relief from constant hunger to change your habits.

When you lose your weight on ozempic, and I know you know this, you lose not only fat, but you lose muscle.

And then when you go off ozempic, you gain back mostly fat.

And so if you're anosémpic, there are two things you need to be doing.

One is you need to be exercising on a regular basis.

You need to maintain your muscle mass to the best of your ability.

The second thing you'd be doing is using it to change the habits around your eating.

And so that if you go off as empych, you are able to hopefully maintain those habits you got.

What do you think about it?

I mean, I'm of a similar mind, I'm certainly not shunning it.

I think there's tremendous benefits for people who have really struggled to lose weight and have tried lots of things and for whatever reason haven't been able to make it stick.

Certainly if you're morbidly obese, but even if you're kind of just less than morbidly obese but overweight and have not been able to like crack the code But you know, I do see a path to better health.

Given that obesity is driving all of these other downstream chronic lifestyle ailments, you can't dismiss that.

The concern of course, is exactly what you said.

Like I had Yohan Hari on here, who just wrote a whole book about this.

And, you know, he looks great, he's lost a tremendous amount of weight, but he's basically like, I'm staying on this thing.

Like he has no intention of going off it.

And he also sort of hasn't really done that piece of trying to change his habits.

Like, I'll just go to Kentucky Fried Chicken and eat less, or I'll only go once in a while.

And it's like, if you're still stuck in those bad habits, you're never going to reach escape velocity from Ozempite.

And do we know what the longterm kind of risks of this are?

I mean, I know there are already, like, aren't there - Yeah, I mean, I write about it in the book and I see, pancreas issues or something like that, Then there's also the ability to become at what's it called, ahedonic it's like lose pleasure and there is pancreatic risk.

So there are things you can do to activate the same similar pathway and it's pretty well known.

I mean, number one is like chewing your food for like every bite 20 times that will begin to activate slowing down your eating.

Yeah, we are all, well, we are all, I have historically been someone who's shoveling food in my mouth as I'm on a phone call or on a Zoom or, reading email.

It's like we don't take the time to sit and relax and enjoy a meal.

I'm having a friend's giving tonight and it's gonna be looking forward to slowing it down, right?

So I come to the dinner table and drink a glass of water, first off, take a few deep breaths, maybe do a gratitude circle.

And this is what we used to do culturally, you know, decades ago before CNN hijacked our brains.

And that puts you in a parasympathetic mode where you're in the best position to consume your foods.

and then that idea of food sequencing of your veggies first, your protein next and your carbs last. And there are little things you can do like that and then remembering to just chew your food 20 times.

I mean, if you take nothing else away from this conversation we're having for your listeners, I think those small things make a huge difference.

You'll lose weight just by sequencing your food differently.

Mindfulness, mindful eating.

Yes, mindful eating.

Yeah so challenging in this rapid period.

We were talking a little bit about the fear that some people have of getting these diagnostic tests.

Like I don't really wanna know.

I think a close cousin of that is this idea like it's kind of too late for me.

You know, I've been living my life a certain way, pretty stuck in my ways.

At this point, I'm 45 I'm 55, I'm 65, whatever it is, It goes back to mindset, but this idea of like, is any of this really gonna make a difference at this point?

Like I've been living my life for 50 years in a certain way.

The answer's absolutely yes.

Yeah, I can always lose weight but like, why should I go deep into all of this stuff at this point?

Yeah, there are lots of studies preclinical which means animal model studies that show intervention even in the last decade of life can deliver additional healthy years to you.

And part of what you want to do is remember that health span gap of 17 years between age 63 and 80 you want to enjoy those years.

You don't want to mean we spend an inordinate amount of money in hospital care and medical care in the last year or two years of your life which is a ridiculous thing to do compared to having spent it earlier in your life.

And I just think that if you love life, love yourself, these are the actions to take.

The prevention piece is something we can all kind of understand when we start talking about the reversal piece and then it's like, whoa, is that really possible?

It's related to the, is it too late piece?

because it's sorta like, all right, well, I'm where I'm at.

Like what do we know about things that can be reversed and other things where it's like, well, let's just stop it in its track and make sure it doesn't progress any further.

Yeah. I mentioned Immunus and their product Immuna earlier, which in my mind is a definitive reversal of your physiological age.

Data will come out further.

What is the kind of mechanistic aspect of that?

Like what is it actually doing?

So it is, when you're injecting this product, these 440 factors from the stem cells into your body, into your muscle, it is signaling your cells to revert to an earlier stage that you are vital.

I mean, one of the things that's important is 100 ,000, 200 ,000 years ago, I go back to the evolutionary history here, you were pregnant by age 12 or 13, no birth control, and by the time you're 27 or 28, you were a grandparent.

After age of 30, there was a measurable consistent decline.

Your stem cells throughout your body reduced by 100 to 1000 fold in different compartments.

your hormone levels, pituitary, thyroid, your thymus is almost gone after age 30, which is what is educating your T cells.

Your muscle tissue begins to, you have sarcopenia begins to erode.

It's because the body was never designed to live past age 30.

And it doesn't have the signals that I am a vital individual, and we should keep all these systems up and operating.

So this particular product, and there are others, cellularity has these stem cells and natural killer cells, and there are other companies that we're investigating.

It's about giving your body the signal that I'm in a more youthful state.

And the genes should switch back to how they were operating in a more youthful state.

I'm an entrepreneur.

Yeah, I'm a moonshot guy, But I'm also someone who is willing to fight for what I want.

And people have to make that choice.

For whatever reason, the longevity space is sort of bro -ey, you know, it's kind of like a Silicon Valley, galaxy brain, you know, environment for whatever reason, but I love the fact that - Can I tell you the reason I think?

Yeah, why. Is it because you've got like megalomaniacs who want to live forever?

I don't think it's that, I think - That's the sort of narrative, right?

I'm sure certainly where the money, that's where the money is also for these innovations.

Yes but I think there's a different reason.

People in the tech field who have come in and revolutionized industries.

They've come in and reinvented rockets and reinvented cars.

They're pretty exposed to think differently outside the box.

And they're willing to take on hard problems. Yeah, I get that.

But I haven't gotten Elon interested in longevity yet.

He and I have texted back and forth and he just, he pokes at me, he says, I love donuts in the morning.

I said, well, when you reach 60, let's have that conversation again.

I say all that only to kind of presage the fact that you have a whole section in here for women's health and what's different about women's health and what we need to understand about those differences in the context of longevity.

I mean, do you know Dr. Lisa Moscone?

I know her. Wonderful.

Yes, yeah. Fantastic.

She came in here and talked all about this.

So I love that section.

So what can you say about what's different about women's physiology that's important to know in this longevity conversation.

Just to call it out, our chief medical officer at Fountain Life, Dr. Helen Messier, who is an MD and a PhD.

And she is one of the great functional medicine physicians.

And when I was able to capture her with Bill Capp happened myself bring her in.

That was like one of the most important days in this company to really imbue it.

And then Mona Izat Villanauff who's my Fountain Life physician who works with me directly.

So two amazing women.

We actually have a lot of women physicians in the company.

I think what she says that's important is women are not little men.

There is a different physiology and biology going on.

and it needs to be looked at uniquely.

There's a section in here from Dr. Jennifer Darrowson as well in that women's chapter who runs a center for, I've changed her name recently, it's not if it's reproductive health, but she's done an incredible amount of work on what happens after menopause, and how do we extend, And do you know that humans are only one of five species that go through menopause?

I didn't know that.

Yeah, it's humans. It's the narwhal and three species of whales.

And then the millions of other species.

I just assumed I guess in my mind that it was a mammalian thing.

No, no, that's not, it's five species.

Another interesting fact is that a woman has the most number of eggs in her ovaries when she is 28 weeks old as an embryo in her mom.

Just trying to... I know, right so a mind bender.

So your mom, when she was in your grandma's womb and she was only 28 weeks in in her 40 week pregnancy.

So that was when she had the maximum number.

So you were inside your grandma.

I got it. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

So why is that meaningful?

It's that the number of our ovaries have two functions.

There's reproductive organs, but they're also a hormonal set.

And we forget about that and women have have a completely different set of medical physiological needs because of that.

There's a correlation that the later if you have a sister, the later she went through menopause, the longer you as the brother are likely to live.

Interesting correlation.

So the book, the chapter walks through from a food, diet, exercise, supplements, your hormonal level, how women should think about it.

Yeah, it's obviously like diet, exercise, all these other things like apply equally, but it's the hormonal piece where things get complicated and it does need its own kind of treatment and understanding.

I didn't want to, you know, it is very different for 50 % of the world, 51 % of the world, whatever it is.

And I really wanted to have two incredible women lead that conversation in the book.

Yeah, so I'm 58, if I came into Fountain Life prior to doing all the tests, just what are some things that you think like I should be thinking about that maybe I didn't need to think about five or 10 years ago?

So, your cardiovascular health is number one, right?

It is still the number one killer for women and for men.

And we think we're fine and a lot of folks years over the last decade or decades would go for a calcium score and you'd go, you'd take a CT of your heart, you're looking for calcified plaque on the arteries and you had a calcium score of like zero and like 3000 or whatever it is.

And if you zero, oh, I'm fine.

If it's a thousand, oh my god, I'm worried about this.

Well, it turns out your calcium score is immaterial, and people just now in these last few years are waking up to that.

if unless your coronary artery again is the artery that feeds oxygen and glucose to your heart muscle.

And if your heart muscle isn't getting oxygen and glucose, it dies, and that's called a heart attack.

If the coronary artery is blocked by calcium, you need to do something, it's a stent or bypass, whatever.

But if you have a zero calcium score, you say, oh, great, okay I'm fine, you're not, not necessarily.

So what we've learned is that it's soft plaque that's on the outside of the arteries that can evolve, can break off in the middle of the night and block a coronary artery.

And so what we do is we do something called a clearly scan.

It's a AI enabled technology that's able to recognize soft plaque differentially from calcium, from calcified plaque, and you get a score, and now, as part of, found your ongoing membership, now we're going to identify how do we convert that either to calcified plaque.

So I think of calcified plaque as like cement on the side of the wall of a pipe.

Or how do we reduce it?

and there's lots of different approaches and medicines and supplements and everything for that.

But most people have no knowledge of that and it's a ticking time bomb if you do.

And again, you may have a perfectly good triglyceride and LDL and HDL and still have a soft plank burden.

Is this form of testing new technology?

It is. It is. It's a new way of helping interpreting the CT, the tomography of your heart.

I see, so it's not the scan, it's the interpretation of the sky overlay.

I see, I understand, yeah, yeah, yeah.

I mean, given that heart disease is the number one killer and this is how most people are gonna die.

It feels like - This should be, you know, appointment number one and a test that should be kind of integrated into every general practitioner's rotation.

So the next thing after you've gotten clarity there is understanding what's going on in your biochemistry, your mitochondria, understanding your microbiome, understanding, you know, the blood biomarkers.

Other things that we do at Fountain and this is really important for me is toxin testing.

You know, we're living in a very toxic world.

everything from water bottles that you're drinking out of to the environment you're in, mold.

So most people just have no idea what their toxic load is.

And if you don't know, you can't do anything about it.

Then it's food allergies.

Are you gluten intolerant?

Do you have allergies to other foods?

Should you be eating...

I won't go into the list, but I've discovered, they're like, oh my God, I should not be eating that food.

So, it's all of these things.

We have the power to know now to give you the option to make the choice.

What is your experience as somebody who deeply understands mindset?

What is your understanding around behavior change when it comes to, you know, putting that knowledge into action, right?

Like anybody who comes into one of your clinics costs a lot of money, they're gonna be highly motivated, they're gonna receive all this information.

they're probably going to be in that cohort that's actually gonna adopt the new behaviors.

But what is the key distinguishing factor between the person who can hear news about how to change their life and then actually take the action versus the person who same information and yeah, just is like, can't do it doesn't wanna do it.

Is it interesting? Do they have a support system that keeps this alive in their life.

So it's different if you go through with your spouse or someone you love and you guys share your information and you're supporting each other.

In lieu of that, you know, we've got a medical team who will text me like, have you done that test?

Have you done the Prolon diet yet?

You know, I want you to do that once every quarter.

Accountability, community, Yes, all those things.

Social environment.

One example is, I have my abundance summit, I mentor about 500 CEOs every March. And one of the things we've done after the summit every year is we have done a 21 day no sugar challenge where those who wanna opt in, get into a WhatsApp group, there is a incredible physician scientist who supports that for us.

And he provides you sort of menus and everybody shares, and it's mostly going into a ketogenic environment, but there's a vegan version of it as well.

And it's getting you off the sugar addiction.

And it takes about three plus weeks to get there.

But because you're going through it as a group, it's a lot easier.

Your members sharing photographs of what they're eating and sharing their experience and will give people a glucose meter and a ketone meter so they can measure what's going on.

And it becomes a group activity and it gives you the strength to power through.

And then it gives you the confidence afterwards that you can do that.

Assuming you have friends, everybody can create their own WhatsApp group, right?

Yes, you can, you can.

And there are power in numbers when you're trying to, you know, adopt a new habit, yeah.

What are some of the moon shots that are seemingly coming to fruition?

Like what are you excited about that's on the horizon?

Like there's all kinds of crazy stuff, I'm sure you see it all.

So much. You know, growing, you know, your ears and like all kinds of stuff, right?

So let me give you a couple of these things.

And let's couch it in some version of reality.

I'll give you exactly where they are.

Why are some of these grounded and why are some of these are more ungrounded?

So one of them is the technology to regrow your organs.

I think we talked a little bit about this last time.

That was a couple of years ago.

So it's moved tremendously forward. Dean came in in New Hampshire has building re -gen Valley, regenerative medicine Valley.

And he's built production lines to go from a skin cell you have to what's called an induced pluripotent stem cell using the foryomenaka factors and then growing, heart, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, pancreas.

And so we're moving towards a world where rather than the waiting for someone to die, you're gonna have the ability to regrow an organ for you, that's your organ.

Where's it today? They're creating large supplies of pancreatic islet cells for diabetics.

They're creating bone ligament bone.

They're working on a pediatric heart.

They're working on liver.

So on some level, my sense is that this isn't, this is sort of an extrapolation of the science that's going into cultivated meat, like you're brewing cells, but you're taking these pluripotent stem cells which are basically the cells that have all the information to grow the organ, and when you can kind of activate the right genes within that, it will just, it will grow the thing.

Is that the idea? Well, you are growing these generic pluripotent stem cells and then you're triggering them to differentiate Into the two heart cells, They do heart cells for liver cells, right.

The pluripotent ones, they could become anything.

Yes, exactly. Martine Rothblatt and George Church have a company, have companies that are, have edited the genomes of pigs to make them more human -like.

And when you grow a pig to full size, the size of its heart, liver, lung and kidneys are very much the same as a human.

Oh my God. And so you can transplant that in.

Right? So these are moon shots.

But I cut you off though, on Dean Kamen's thing.

So how, like what is the timeline horizon on that?

And what are the obstacles that have to be overcome?

Yeah, so every two years, so every year I take a group of my abundance members on what I call longevity platinum trip.

One year it's the West coast, one year it's the East coast. This coming end of September will be on the East coast and will be at in Boston, Cambridge, which is a super hotbed of this area.

And then in New Hampshire visiting Dean, And they have hundreds of thousands of square feet of manufacturing space built down.

And they are funded by a couple of $100 million in DOD grants because the Defense Department wants to be able to provide our veterans who have had organ damage, replacement organs.

Dean is the guy who created the Luke arm, a electro mechanical arm that replaces is a lost arm from a Veteran and he created the Segway and the I -BOT.

He's one of the most incredible 150 or 1 ,500 patents and he's done his brilliant.

1 ,500. 1 ,500 in the patent.

Yeah, I mean he's sort of best known for the Segway now but prior to the Segway, that was sort of a weird tension in kind of this modern day Edison figure.

He is a beautiful man.

He's also the creator of First Robotics, the high school robotics competitions that occur around the world.

Other moonshots, the whole brain computer interface world, being able to plug in chips if you would into your neocortex, the outer layer of the brain to enable you to feel and move things, right?

Neuralink, Elon's company is best known but some other ones coming which are amazing.

I don't know where you wanna go.

There's another company that I'm going to have at the abundance summit this year.

So it turns out we just recently mapped the Connectome of a fruit fly.

What does that mean?

We were able to take a fruit fly's brain and slice it into thin, thin, thin, thin slices and using AI to image all the neurons like 150 ,000 neurons and 50 million synaptic connections models and create a perfect computer model of that brain.

And then we're able to say, okay, what should the fruit fly?

We were able to put an input into this in silico brain, this brain in the computer model and say, what would happen if we gave the fruit fly this input?

It would move like this.

And then for the real fly, you did the same thing that moved like this.

So we're able to take their brain and upload that brain.

And what's coming next is a mouse and then I've got a company presenting this year that thinks for about $50 million, it's gonna be able to do a human upload.

So you're extrapolating in complexity as you move up these neural networks, right?

And you're developing an understanding of how it actually functions and basically creating like a programming language for it, is that like, how does this impact us?

Like what is the use case?

This is the age of brain science.

Why do some people get easily addicted?

Why do some people develop depression?

What's going on when someone's schizophrenic, right?

We've been, for the last 100 years, just using a blunt hammer to try and solve things.

This is gonna get us to the point of understanding at a root cause what's going on, so we can begin to address these problems. And then we can hack into these systems and automate people and control them.

You can go dystopian there.

It's a curious thing though, Peter, because it's sort of like, like we were both at that Google conference, right?

And it's very, you know, rainbows in Pollyanna about AI, and I know you're an AI optimist, very much so, but then I sit down with you all know Harari and it's like, it's...

We're doomed. It's like, yeah, it's a dude, it's like, I'm just a dude who's like trying to get my footing, you know, amidst all of this.

And I can see both sides of it.

I mean, there's no question that this technology is gonna give birth to breakthroughs that we can't even possibly imagine, but there are dangers and there are risks.

Everyday just getting on the 405 here.

The story of humanity is basically like we break things and then we figure it out as we go, right?

So there's no slowing this down.

There's no switch. And we're giving lip service, Oh, we need to like study this, and it's like, okay, yeah.

I know there's really smart people that are looking at it and how we can like sort of move forward as rationally as possible and clear minded as possible with all this.

but make no mistake, we're moving forward, you know.

And actually the extent that people are like we need to put the brakes on here, that's not really happening.

Yeah, no, there's no one on switch. There's no velocity switch. The best we can do is steer or guide.

How do you think about the potential downsides of these things and how we can put in place stop gaps to make sure that we're at least doing what we can to prevent these dystopic outcomes.

In the AI world? Yeah.

The advances are happening so quickly.

Yeah, I'm not concerned about 10 years from now.

My concern is the next five years.

It's not artificial intelligence that worries me.

It's human stupidity.

It's humans using this tech. I'm the optimist, right?

And I believe that digital super intelligence, right, is gonna be pro -life, pro -abundance.

I think there's zero reason for AI to be, you know, trying to decimate humanity.

I am more like the movie Her where it will get bored with us and take off.

And so we'll find out, you know, I interviewed Elon a month ago.

I was in Saudi Arabia, I run the FII Future Investment Initiatives AI Council, and I interviewed Elon there as well as Eric Schmidt and a bunch of other folks.

And I said, what's the probability of disaster versus the probability of success?

When I spoke to Elon a year ago at the abundance summit, he said it was 80 % success, 20 % disaster.

He's updated it to 90 % success, 10 % disaster, but we still.

That's different from, I mean, he was early in kind of being a cautionary voice and Schmidt is coming from a cautionary place as well.

is any more so than Elon.

Yeah. And then we had Jeffrey Hinton who I spoke to you about this and so listen, we're on rails.

This stuff is moving faster.

There's more capital flowing in.

Every government realizes that this is fundamental to the success of their people.

AI will be our educators.

It will be our healthcare providers, it will be our decision -makers, it will be helping us grow our food, purify our water, create new energy methodologies.

It's the greatest potential uplifting of humanity.

And yes, there are downsides and worries.

And I think again, it's the use of AI by desk bots and tyrants and such. Right, it's not really a story around artificial general intelligence as much as it is around the relinquishment of agency.

You know, we're all like in all these different areas of our life, we're kind of turning over our agency to all these different AIs.

And then how do, you know, can those be leveraged by organizations or people who don't have your best interest at heart to kind of drive their own agenda?

Let me ask you a question.

Would you rather have a world with digital super intelligence in it or world without?

That was our question we asked at the Abundance Summit last year.

As humanity is growing and its tools are getting more powerful, and our chances to use those tools for dystopian objectives, I, for one, would rather have a world that has this super powerful digital super intelligence rather than not.

I think humans need a lot of maturation still.

Yeah, I don't think you get one without the other, right?

Like if you want this super intelligence that's gonna help you figure out how to create renewable energy sources, it comes with this other side.

It's almost, you know, it's like baked into reality.

It's a history of humanity, it's the duality of everything.

It's viral. And so we will find out because we are going to play this experiment.

It's right here. It's like, you're asking that question, And I'm like, how can I answer that?

I would have to cast myself 10, 30, 40, 50 years in the future in order to be able to answer that.

This is why I'm so clear we're living in a simulation.

It's like the most exciting time ever to be alive.

All right, well we gotta end this.

So I wanna leave people with some actionable takeaways.

Like if you're watching this or listening to this, you probably already are kind of immersed in this world to some degree, but to the extent that somebody is new to these ideas.

is like, what do you want them to like take away as a kind of precursor to picking up the book and digging into the nuts and bolts of the whole thing?

First of all, I just want to say, the book is available on Amazon, but I've also made it available at my cost to folks on the website, longevityguidebook .com and any profits I'm making, I'm donating to the XPRIZE on this book.

My goal is get the information out there, Make it available for folks.

I think that people need to remember you have agency and your health and longevity is not written in your genes.

It is just a small amount, 7 % to 30%.

The majority of it is your lifestyle.

It's the actions that you take.

So I want you to feel empowered by that.

A lot of the things you can do right now are things that don't cost you anything, It costs you time and it costs you fortitude or the willingness to do that.

Figure out why you want those extra years of life, that understanding of the why, like what you wanna do with those extra decades, what's exciting for you.

If you're in pain and you're suffering and you hate your life, there's no way you're gonna spend the time doing this.

But if you love life and you are excited about what's coming and you want to see your grandkids or whoever it is connect to that why because that is the emotional energy that fuels you to do these things.

There's a cost for getting out of your bed at 6 AM or 7 AM out of the warm blankets to go work out, there's a cost in not eating that extra scoop of ice cream.

So the why is very important.

If you have the means, I think going through a program like Fountain Life and there were others out there, but you can find more at fountainlife .com.

If you have the means, understand where your body is.

I think we have the ability.

It's like flying, it's like driving your car with your eyes closed.

Yeah, you can't fix what you're not measuring, basically.

Exactly. Yeah, so I mean, those are the fundamentals.

And then finally, you know, a longevity mindset, and I talk about that a bunch, which is, there is an amazing world coming.

Incredible world of health extension, of longevity extension, and if you get that mindset, that That in part connected to your why is what's going to enable you to enjoy this and be part of it.

Again, I think this is the most exciting time ever to be alive.

Yeah, it is pretty exciting.

When are you going to open that LA?

Mid -25. Oh, yeah. It's a little bit away.

Otherwise you can go to our Orlando headquarters, Dallas, wherever you want.

I mean, seriously, if you wanna go, please take as my guest. I'm gonna think about it.

I'm gonna think about it.

Well, I appreciate you man, you're a fascinating figure.

I have so much respect and admiration for your curiosity and your ability to kind of like manifest things out of that curiosity.

You have, you know, a rich imagination that you explore, you create these businesses out of it and entire sectors emerged from this.

It's like really a remarkable thing, man, you're like a really incredible guy.

Thank you. So I appreciate you spending time with me today.

The longevity guide book, you can see exactly what Peter does.

He lays it all out.

He's got the red light therapy hat, and like all the stuff, right?

Like you want to know it's all in here, but it's really easy to read.

You can go right to the, you know, the pages of the things that you're interested in, and you lay it out.

Like very simplistic.

It's very simplistic.

It's a reference. It's like a syllabus basically.

Yeah, yeah. But hopefully written with some nice words.

Nice word in there.

Thanks man, I appreciate it.

and come back and fill me in when you know we can grow our own organs and all that kind of stuff, right?

Thank you buddy. Cheers, peace.

That's it for today.

Thank you for listening.

I truly hope you enjoyed the conversation.

To learn more about today's guest, including links and resources related to everything discussed today, visit the episode page at Rich Roll .com, where you can find the entire podcast archive, my books, Finding Ultra, Voicing Change, and The Plant Power Way, as well as the Plant Power Meal Planner at meals .richroll .com.

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Love the support. See you back here soon.

Peace, plants, namaste.

[장수 마인드셋: 피터 디아만디스가 말하는 인간의 수명 연장과 미래]-[Slow, Stop, & Reverse Aging: Peter Diamandis On Longevity Protocols, Lifestyle Medicine, & Optimizing Healthspan]

📋 Summary

장수 마인드셋의 중요성

기술과 데이터 기반의 예방 의학

노화 역전과 미래의 장수 기술

실천 가능한 핵심 프로토콜

결론: 왜 살고 싶은가?

🎯Key Sentences

📝Key Phrases

📖 Transcript