[여성 발명가들의 역사와 혁신: 샬럿 스미스부터 마리 밴 브리튼 브라운까지]-[Salute to Women Inventors]

Stuff You Should Know · B2 · 2024-07-04

📋 Summary

여성 발명가의 가시성을 높인 샬럿 스미스의 노력

본 팟캐스트는 역사 속에서 저평가되었던 여성 발명가들의 업적을 조명합니다. 특히 19세기 후반, 샬럿 스미스(Charlotte Smith)의 선구적인 역할을 강조합니다. 그녀는 1875년부터 여성 발명가들에게 특허를 부여하는 관행을 촉구하며 미국 특허청을 끈질기게 설득했습니다. 스미스는 여성들의 발명이 다른 여성들에게 영감을 줄 수 있다는 확신을 가지고, 9년에 걸친 노력 끝에 1888년 '여성 발명가 및 특허 부여 목록(Women inventors to whom patents have been granted)'을 출판했습니다. 비록 메리 딕슨 키스(Mary Dixon Kies)처럼 이보다 90년 앞서 특허를 받은 여성도 존재했지만, 스미스의 목록은 여성들의 발명 활동이 단순한 우연이 아니라 하나의 체계적인 경로임을 증명하며 기록의 장벽을 허무는 '게임 체인저(game changer)' 역할을 했습니다.

마리 밴 브리튼 브라운과 홈 보안 시스템의 혁명

팟캐스트는 20세기 중반의 혁신적인 사례로 마리 밴 브리튼 브라운(Marie Van Brittan Brown)을 소개합니다. 뉴욕 퀸즈의 간호사였던 그녀는 남편 앨버트 브라운과 함께 오늘날의 스마트 홈 보안 시스템의 모태가 되는 폐쇄 회로 TV(CCTV) 시스템을 발명했습니다. 1966년 당시, 그녀는 늦은 밤 귀가 시의 불안함을 해소하기 위해 현관문을 직접 열지 않고도 외부인을 확인할 수 있는 기술을 고안했습니다.

그녀의 발명은 당시 기술적 한계를 극복한 창의성의 결정체였습니다. 카메라 각도를 조절할 수 없는 환경에서 카메라 높이를 조정할 수 있는 4개의 구멍(peep holes)을 설치하고, 이를 모니터와 연결하여 양방향 마이크를 통해 방문자와 소통할 수 있게 했습니다. 또한, 원격으로 문을 열 수 있는 장치와 경찰을 호출하는 비상 버튼까지 포함했습니다. 이 발명은 너무나 혁신적이어서 이후 32개의 특허 출원이 그녀의 원본 특허(U.S. patent number 3,482,037)를 참조할 정도로 보안 기술의 표준을 제시했습니다.

조세핀 코크런과 식기세척기의 탄생

마지막으로 소개된 조세핀 코크런(Josephine Cochran)은 전통적인 발명가 계층과는 다른 부유한 사교계 인사였습니다. 그녀의 발명 동기는 매우 실용적이었습니다. 하인들이 자신의 17세기 가문 유산인 식기를 닦는 과정에서 자꾸 그릇을 깨뜨리자, 이에 좌절한 코크런은 직접 식기세척기를 개발하기로 결심했습니다. 그녀가 설립한 회사는 훗날 주방 가전의 대명사인 '키친에이드(KitchenAid)'가 되었으며, 이는 여성 발명가가 남긴 산업적 유산의 거대한 성취를 상징합니다.

이 팟캐스트는 여성들의 발명이 단순한 개인적 성취를 넘어, 현대 기술의 근간을 이루고 사회적 편견을 깨뜨리는 과정이었음을 시사합니다. 기록을 찾기 위해 고군분투했던 샬럿 스미스부터, 일상의 불편함을 첨단 보안 기술로 승화시킨 마리 밴 브리튼 브라운까지, 이들의 이야기는 발명의 역사가 결코 남성만의 전유물이 아니었음을 분명하게 보여줍니다.

🎯Key Sentences

모두 펼치기

📝Key Phrases

create engaging content

사람들의 관심을 끄는 콘텐츠를 제작하세요

turn your creativity into income

창의력을 수익으로 연결하세요

open up the floodgates

봇물을 터뜨리다

come to a realization

깨닫게 되다

out of the box

기존의 틀을 벗어난

모두 펼치기

📖 Transcript

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do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do then how about and she eventually came to the invention part of it but how about property rights and intellectual property rights and then starting in 1875 she really focused on inventors and invention and getting patents and getting the patent office to just simply recognize the fact that women were starting to get patents was took nine years it was and I believe 1879 she moved to DC started a hassling the patent office to say hey here's all I want just give me a list of women inventors period I think he could inspire other women we could publish it so if you could just put together that list you got the list put it together for me and they said sure nine years later they came back with women and well I think she packaged it but women inventors to whom patents have been granted and in 1888 she published it 500 copiesworth.

And that I'm sure was a big game changer as far as like hey look it's happening it's possible you can do it yes and while that did kind of open up the flood gates to women inventors seeing like I can do this there is like a path for me here to take toward inventing there were women who did have patents in their name prior to this it was just extremelyrare.

Oh yeah I mean well there were how many were there did I thought there was a list here yeah the only one that I've come across I never saw the list of women inventors to whom patents have been granted but I did see one I think the first American woman to earn a patent in her name was named Mary Dixon keys K I ES yes she was the first one about 90 years earlier but it supposedly took four clerks 10 days put this list together so I think I'm going to dothat.

So you know it was a great thing that Charlotte Smith did she had a vision that this could be a game changer and it seems like it probably was yeah she was like you can't hide the truth any longer with your walrus moustaches and your arm garden give me that list and they did so should we highlight some of these these are pretty great yes all right let's take a break after this first one maybe because I want to I'm eager to talk about Marie Van Britain Brown she was awesome she was very born in 1922 and Jamaica Queens New York City an African American woman who worked as a nurse and oftentimes was working you know late night shifts coming and going at odd hours her husband Albert Brown was a electronics technician he had odd hours of work to so how that shakes out is a lot of times Marie Van Britain Brown would be at home or come home late at night be a little worried and you know what was a rough neighborhood at the time as to who may become a knocking on her door so she invented along with her husband's help a what ended up being kind of the first close circuit TV system and home security system in the 1960s yeah it's pretty amazing it was a bunch of different systems that they put together to create this one complete system pretty much out of the box it was like a complete security system but they really had to work with a lack of technology at the time like there was no way to pan the video camera that the whole thing was based on so instead they had four separate people's and you could raise or lower the camera to the correct people depending on the height of the person on the other side I find that ingenious great idea I said CCTV so there were television monitors this camera fed into these monitors so the ideas that you didn't actually have to go to the door and even looking through a people can be dangerous if someone knows you're just on the other side of the door at that people they can they can get you that's what it says in the patent that's what it said so she had a remote control that would let her unlock the door from a distance away and an emergency button a distance away that would alert the police or security in the apartment building you had these four people's the sliding camera and two way microphones so she could actually say like who's you know basically what we have now with like ring doorbells and nest doorbells yeah she thought of this idea and her husband helped her pull it off in 1966 yeah and the idea of just how ubiquitous this has become this is like such a commonplace everyday thing now is kind of a testament to what she invented because at the time this was completely revolutionary there was nothing like this at the time and she and her husband just invented it from whole cloth and I think they got patent number three million four hundred eighty two thousand and thirty seven that was theU.S.

patent for their close circuit television security system that's right she also got an award from the National Scientists Committee she was recognized in the times the paper of record sadly she passed away in nineteen ninety nine at the age of seventy six but it was such a good idea that thirty two subsequent patent applications reference her original invention and their patent application so in other words great idea yes indeed you want to take that break now let's do it okay we'll be right back Hey everybody it's time to talk about square space square space has absolutely everything you could possibly need to build whatever website you're trying to you can host video content and organize your entire video library plus showcase it on beautiful video pages you can use analytics to grow your business and learn where your site visits and sales are coming from what else Chuck well buddy if you got a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a chanceOkay,Chuck.

So up next we're going to talk about a woman named Josephine Cochran who kind of bucked the trend of inventors and was a wealthy socialite and supposedly the origin of her invention the dishwasher the first actual useful dishwasher came from a dismay that her servants washing her fine china that had been in her family since the 17thcentury.

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