BBC Learning English.
This is Question and Answer of the Week, where we answer your questions about the English language, culture and life.
I'm Bully.
Phil's here to help me answer a question about the present perfect tense.
Hi, Phil.
Hi, Bully.
Let's hear this week's question.
我有一个关于现在完成时的问题。 我记得它不能接时间标志词, 或者也只能接for, since和so far。 那么下面这些句子为什么是正确的?
I have read books this year.
I haven't received emails today.
這個問題提到了現在完成時可以搭配哪些時間狀元的問題。 現在完成時通常由於談論發生在過去但和現在有密切聯繫的事。 它既可以搭配一個時間段,也可以搭配一個時間點。
不过正如这位听众在问题中提到的 在用现在完成时搭配时间点时 通常需要同时搭配借词 since或from等等 来表达从某个时间点开始至今 而在本期节目中 我们就来结合一段对话来看看 现在完成时搭配时间段时的要点
Bully, I'm so busy today.
Who?
Why's that?
I've had four meetings and it isn't even lunchtime.
This morning has been crazy.
You've been busy all week, haven't you?
I've had two really tricky days.
Yesterday was a nightmare.
I had to prepare four different presentations.
It's funny because last week was easy, but now this month has really got stressful.
Have you had any coffee yet?
That might help.
No, I haven't even had time to sit at my desk since I got in.
You know, I've had a really relaxing day so far.
Looks like you've been lucky.
你正在收听的是BBC英语教学的你问我答节目。 刚刚我和Phil在对话中使用现在完成时的时候搭配了多种不同的时间状语。
One important thing about this conversation that you might have noticed was that it was happening before lunchtime.
And knowing that helps.
It means that we know that this morning is an unfinished time period.
That's also true for today and this month.
More things can happen in these time frames.
And you will have heard that we have the present perfect in those sentences.
Let's listen again.
You've been busy all week, haven't you?
This morning has been crazy.
Last week was easy, but now this month has really got stressful.
在上面的句子中都包含时间状语, 不过在对话中时间信息还可能出现在其他句子中, 比如接下来的这两段对话。 You've been busy all week, haven't you?
I've had two really tricky days.
Have you had any coffee yet?
No, I haven't even had time to sit at my desk since I got in.
在上面的两段对话中,all week,这一整周和since I got in, 从我来上班开始都没有出现在对话中另一个人的句子里, 不过他们同样限定了另一个人所说的事情发生的时间段, 因此另一个人也使用了现在完成时。 Sometimes we don't say the time at all, but it's obvious from the context that we're talking about an unfinished period of time, like in this example.
Looks like you've been lucky.
在刚才这个律迹中虽然没有明确指出 但说话者的意思明显是最近一段时间内 直到现在你都很幸运 因此这段话也使用了现在完成式 需要牢记的是 我们在使用现在完成式搭配一个时间段 谈论从过去持续到现在的动作 当下尚未结束的一段时间和 发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作或事情时
There were some examples of finish time.
Yesterday and last week.
Yesterday was a nightmare.
I had to prepare four different presentations.
It's funny because last week was easy, but OK, that's it for this week.
Remember, if you have a question that you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at questions.chinaelt at bbc.co.uk 你还可以通过微博向我们提问。 我们的微博账号是bbc英语教学。 Bye!
Bye!