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Mutine.
Adjective.
Used to describe an individual whose spirit is unyielding, unconstrained.
One who navigates life on their own terms, effortlessly.
They do not always show up on time, but when they arrive, you notice.
An individual confident in their contradictions.
They know the rules, but behave as if they do not exist.
Mutine.
A new fragrance by Miu Miu.
Defined by you.
How does pollution affect my mental health?
Thanks for asking.
According to the government, air pollution is the largest environmental risk to public health and accounts for between 28000 and 36000 deaths in the UK each year.
That's because harmful pollutants like fine particulate matter, ammonia and nitrogen dioxide get into our bodies, affecting the eyes, nose and throat, heart and blood vessels and the respiratory system.
But did you know that the air you breathe might be impacting not only your physical health but also your mental well-being?
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in February 2023 reported on the link between air pollution and psychological disorders.
What did the study find?
Carried out over a period of 10 years, it revealed that air pollution is a factor that can lead to inflammation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
These areas of the brain are linked to Alzheimer's disease and depressive symptoms.
That's because pollutants travel within the central nervous system.
In response to the foreign bodies, the nervous system becomes inflamed and releases hormones associated with stress and anxiety, which are linked to depression.
The American Medical Association study is backed up by a review led by Professor Kam Bui at the University of Oxford's Department of Psychiatry, which was published in July 2023.
It found that air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, is linked to mental health issues, including depression, anxiety and neurocognitive disorders.
Absolutely everyone, really.
The World Health Organization estimates that 90 of children worldwide breathe polluted air, which is considered harmful to health and development.
A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives in 2019 found that the greater the level of air pollution they were exposed to, the more likely children were to display symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
Outcomes were also shown to be worst among children living in deprived communities.
What about adults then?
Well, a study published in PLOS Biology in 2019 showed that long periods of air pollution could be linked to a 17 increase in cases of bipolar disorders, a 6 increase in depression diagnoses and a 20 increase in personality disorder diagnoses.
The same was true for the elderly.
How can we protect ourselves then?
According to the WHO, 32 million people die prematurely from diseases attributable to indoor air pollution each year worldwide.
The first step is to improve indoor air quality at home.
Most pollutants come from household appliances, so make sure they are well maintained and cleaned.
Otherwise, there will be a risk of dust accumulation and poor filtration.
If necessary, replace your old appliances and start using an indoor air purifier.
You should also seek to improve ventilation in your home by opening doors and windows as much as possible to bring in fresh air from outdoors.
What about when you leave home?
Well, you can also get an air purifier for your car and consider wearing a face mask when commuting in an urban area, especially if taking the subway.
If you do experience mental health disorder symptoms, you should see your gp or a specialist as soon as possible.
There you have it now you know how pollution affects your mental health.
In under three minutes, we answer your questions and help you understand the true meaning behind the trends, concepts and acronyms that are making headlines.
Listen along and you will really know for sure.
