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BNC Bank, brilliantly boring since 1865.
The PC gave us computing power at home, the Internet connected us, and mobile let us do it pretty much anywhere.
Now generative AI lets us communicate with technology in our own language, using our own senses.
But figuring it all out when you're living through it is a totally different story.
Welcome to Leading the Shift, a new podcast from Microsoft Azure.
I'm your host, Susanette Linger.
In each episode, leaders will share what they're learning to help you navigate all this change with confidence.
Please join us listen and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts What is the Dunning -Kruger effect the phenomenon that causes overconfidence Thanks for asking Charles Darwin once wrote that ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge and real -life situations which reflect that are all too common. To cite just one prominent example in January 1995 American men McArthur Wheeler and Clifton Earl Johnson were arrested after carrying out coordinated bank robberies in the state of Pennsylvania.
Incredibly they didn't bother wearing masks as they believe that rubbing lemon juice on their faces would make them invisible to security cameras.
Okay? Is that what the Dunning and Krueger effect is then?
Actually, no. But bear with me, I'm getting there.
The case got a lot of media coverage, and piqued the curiosity of social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kurger at Cornell University.
They wanted to know how on earth someone could be so damn sure of themselves while believing something completely stupid.
They also noted how people often tended to overestimate their own abilities in daily life so started researching the apparent link between arrogance and incompetence.
The two researchers published their findings in 1999 in a paper called unskilled and unaware of it.
How difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self -assessments.
This was based on grammar humor and logic tests in which students had to for example rate how funny jokes were.
Now not only did the students have to answer a series of questions each time.
They had to also predict their own test performance in comparison to others, and the results were clear.
Those who ranked in the bottom 25 % actually tended to predict they would be among the highest performers.
At the other end of the scale, those who performed best on the tests were better able to assess their own abilities, but if anything they actually underestimated themselves in a lot of cases.
Dunning and Krueger realised that it was a catch 22 and talked about what they called a dual burden.
That refers to being both ignorant about a subject area and ignorant about one's own ignorance.
A lot of people simply lack the knowledge or skills to see their own mistakes or lack of competence.
What are the consequences of the Dunning -Kruger effect?
At an individual level, this cognitive bias may lead us to make bad career choices or to miss out on opportunities to learn from others who are actually more skilled or knowledgeable.
If you look at the bigger picture, the risk is that we end up with people of below average ability taking centre stage.
That's particularly dangerous when it comes to politics or it often pays to appeal to less educated voters.
Understanding how our minds work and being aware of the Dunning -Kruger effect is the best way to counteract it.
It's important to also ask people for constructive criticism to get insight into how others see your abilities and of course strive to keep on learning about a subject even when you're already an expert.
Generally speaking the more knowledge we have about something the more we realise there's so much more we still don't yet know about it.
There you have it! Now you know what the Dunning -Kruger effect is.
In under three minutes we answer your questions and help you understand the true meaning behind the trends concepts and Acronyms that are making headlines listen along and you will really know it for sure
