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Hello, dear listener and welcome into IOT's picking part three.
Agriculture and food production.
Rory here is a super expert on agriculture
and food production, surprise, surprise.
Today.
Today.
Today I am.
MUSIC
Have new kinds of plants been grown in your city recently?
Well, spring came recently, so I suppose a lot of plants
will be germinating after the winter period.
But if you mean ones grown by people, then none near me,
possibly further towards the countryside, then it's possible.
But where I live, it's too exposed,
and it's too close to the sea for such things to thrive.
Other many people grow in their own vegetables now.
In my country, I would say fewer than before, actually,
since mass agriculture allows for economies of scale
that people growing things in allotments just can't beat.
They still do, though, just not anywhere near
as large numbers as before.
Showed schools teach children how to grow plants.
I don't see why not, since it...
Well, it should help people understand life cycles
and the important roles that plants play in our lives,
not just as things to eat, but as things like national symbols
and natural barriers, like with field borders and hedgerows.
If they can see it understant the process,
they'll be more likely to explain and preserve plants
as they see the value of them.
What do you think of the job of a farmer?
Well, I know I wouldn't want to do it.
It seems like a load of very hard work with minimal rewards,
especially with the almost predatory role
the large food corporations play in paying them
the bare minimum.
It can't be easy, and I don't think they get enough credit.
I mean, you certainly don't see this kind of thing
in the papers in this country.
What are the differences between traditional
and modern agriculture?
That will surely, that depends where you draw the line
the concepts, at least I suppose so.
Generally, traditional farming is probably smaller scale.
It uses fewer industrial methods, like pesticides
and is less demanding on the environment.
Of course, that will mean the smaller output, too.
Modern agriculture seems like the opposite.
Pick farms, lots of chemicals and processes
and massively taxing for the local soil,
but with a lot of food produced as a result.
How much traditional farming is there now in your country?
Oh, God, holding those kind of memories
the last time I even went to a farm
and even driving past fields these days.
It seems like more modern variants
with tractors and polythene covers
and who decides what's traditional, too.
So with that in mind, I would say not much
based on what I can see,
but take that with a pinch of salt
because that's, I have no idea,
that's just my personal experience.
Is there enough water in your country
to support farming?
Well, I would certainly hope so,
since we have a lot of natural reservoirs
in terms of the logs and lakes in Scotland.
And we're surrounded by the sea on most sides,
plus it rains regularly.
You never hear about it on the news either,
unlike countries farther to the south.
So if we don't have enough water,
then you have to wonder who does.
Does bed weather affect the food supply where you live?
Well, not a great deal,
given the development of the transport links,
possibly in more isolated areas,
something like a landslide
might prevent food deliveries for a while,
but people who live in those areas
are generally well prepared for eventualities like that.
Hey, thank you, Rory, for your agriculture answers.
Mm, mm, mm, mm, mm, mm.
Much better educated on the subject than I thought, to be honest.
MUSIC
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So we grow plants, do you listen to them?
OK.
What does it mean to germinate?
Oh, to germinate.
So if you ever look at a seed just as it starts to open or burst
and the flower starts to grow,
this is germination.
It's when it starts to grow after a long period of not growing.
So typically, plants germinate or plants are germinating
after winter, because they're cold, so they don't grow.
And then the spring comes, or the summer comes,
and they start to grow.
So you can say that in spring, a lot of plants
will be germinating, or plants will be germinating
after winter.
Also plants thrive.
So lots of plants are grown in my city,
and they usually thrive in spring or in summer.
This means that they kind of grow well.
But you can use that to describe people as well as plants.
If you are thriving, you are doing well.
Some people grow their own vegetables or veg or veggies.
Rory told us that fewer people than before grow their own vegetables,
so not less, fewer people, like not as many people
as before.
What did you mean by growing things in allotments?
Oh, allotments are small pieces of land,
typically in city, limits, or in suburban areas,
where people grow their own food, or where people can grow their own food.
They grow other things too.
So I have a small piece of land and allotment,
like a house and some land, yeah?
Yeah.
Yeah, so you can say that, okay, in my country,
people usually grow things in allotments.
And we can also talk about mass agriculture.
So it's kind of like when big companies grow things massively.
Yes, anything to do with big things is mass.
So big farms, big shopping centers,
this kind of thing, big supermarkets.
Children should be towards how to grow plants at school,
or plants or plants, because they can understand
life cycles, they'll listen.
I'm trying to think if there are any other reasons
why you would do that.
Can you think of any?
Well, to teach them how to grow plants next to the house,
in there, a lot of them.
I don't know what is a farmer.
I don't know if many people do that,
a more do they?
Yeah, but they do, like it's nice to grow your own herbs
for salads and tea, you know,
kind of like if you have some land,
like why not grow your own veg?
I think it's getting more popular, actually.
And also like small farmers,
they can sell their food to restaurants,
and lots of famous restaurants,
like Michelin restaurants, they buy fresh veggies,
fruit and herbs from local farmers.
Do they?
Oh wow, okay, that's good then.
I thought it was the opposite way.
It's a new trend.
What are hedge rows?
Hedge rows are just, well, they're usually
at the edge of fields, and there are these bushes
that appear at the edges to mark where the edges are,
and to shield the crops inside from the wind.
They also provide an ecosystem
that supports the local ecology as well,
but that's maybe too complicated to talk about now.
And you can say that children can understand
and see the process of growing plants,
and also they can take care of plants,
and this could teach them, you know,
how to take care of people, you know,
first they take care of a plant,
they make sure they don't murder it,
like Rory usually does.
Hey, I'm doing pretty well.
Really, so your plants are not dead yet?
I owe, I need to check my bonsai tree,
but I'm assuming it will be okay.
So they can preserve plants, kind of like safe plants.
Maybe they can save a rare species of plants,
species like kinds of plants, preserve safe,
and see the value of them, the value of plants,
like national symbols, some plants are national symbols,
so it's good to show children how to take care of plants.
A job of a farmer, de-wisner, so we have farming and farmers.
And Rory says that I wouldn't want to do it.
Well, okay.
I would not want to do it,
with anybody want to be a farmer, that's hard work.
Tss.
Yeah, but if you're kind of, if you're,
even if you are a local farmer,
and you have a small garden, still, yeah, lots of work.
So it's very hard work.
Or you can say it seems like a load of very hard work,
a load of work, a lot of work.
With minimal rewards, Rory says, like minimal?
Well, almost nothing rewards what you gain from your farming.
I here would disagree, because you grow things, de-listener.
You put efforts, and then you have kind of,
you bear fruits, literally.
But also the weather could be horrible,
the weather could be cold, and then everything you've planted,
and taking care of just dies.
Just because of a hurricane, or heavy rains,
or snow in the middle of summer, okay?
And all your crops, crops, this is what you grow,
could die, unfortunately.
So yeah, this is like a load of work,
with minimal rewards.
Here also you can talk about a predatory role
of large food corporations.
What is a predatory role?
Well, I'm sure they don't mean it to be this way,
but a lot of food corporations pay local farmers
extremely poorly for the work they do
in order to maximize their profit,
and they do things like bully and cajol farmers
into doing certain things.
So, wow.
This is kind of predatory behavior.
In order to extract the maximum benefit
they behave in this manner, which is not good,
and I don't recommend it.
Wow.
Also you can say that farmers don't get enough credit.
No.
Which means that well, we should recognize them more,
we should pay them more, we kind of don't appreciate them enough,
okay?
Well, also you can say like teachers don't get enough credit,
doctors don't get enough credit.
I like how you're leading with the example
of teachers not getting enough credit.
Traditional and modern agriculture deal listener,
difficult concepts you should read more about it.
So now go to Google and you can read about it
in your native language, okay?
And Rory says that well, traditional farming
is probably smaller scale.
Probably.
So it's like smaller.
I mean, I don't know what traditional farming is,
how do you decide that?
I have no idea.
Have we mean like traditional like old fashion,
and do they mean?
Misewals using animals?
Yeah, does it mean before pesticides,
like the green revolution in the 1960s,
is that what they mean?
I don't know.
And you can say like it depends on watching
it traditional.
If you mean using animals to work the field,
then it's smaller scale.
Now, companies use pesticides, the chemicals,
you know, to help plants to grow naturally, surely.
Other industrial methods.
And more than agriculture means big farms,
lots of chemicals, pesticides,
robots, maybe.
Well, this is what it seems to mean.
What did you mean when you say texting for the local soil?
Oh, if something is taxing, it means it's tiring,
or it works, it's really quite hard.
So if you're filling up the local soil
with all of these chemicals,
and constantly using it to grow things,
then that would be putting a great demand on the soil.
It means like overusing the soil, yeah?
No, it's just making demands.
If you overtax, then you're overusing the soil.
Could you give us another sentence
with this text, the local soil?
Working for more than 14 hours a day
could be extremely taxing.
For the local, I just take extremely taxing for a person.
Yes.
Now there are more modern farms with tractors
and only thin covers.
What are polythene covers?
Polythene covers are just plastic covers
that are placed over plants to increase the temperature
so that they grow better.
You see this a lot with fruit farms, for example, in my country.
The normal environment is too cold for them to grow,
so far, I've just put these covers over,
and it increases the temperature.
At least, I think that's how it works.
Yes, you can say, well, traditional farming is dying out,
and now there are more modern variants,
like modern farms with tractors,
different heavy machinery,
like different machines,
used on a farm and polythene covers.
And then you can just go like,
who decides what does mean traditional?
Well, what does it mean?
Whenever people ask, like, oh, what do you mean?
Or what do you think about the difference between the past and now?
Or younger and older people?
It's like, well, how do you define younger and older people?
Or how do you define when the past begins?
And when now is because those are, like, really broad things?
And you should take that with a pinch of salt, surely.
Yes, so because I'm not an expert,
you should take it with a pinch of salt
because what I'm saying could be complete nonsense.
So if you take something with a pinch of salt,
you're very careful about believing it.
You don't believe every what a person says,
so you should take it with a pinch of salt.
And then an interesting question,
like, is there enough water in your country?
I love that.
Is there enough water?
It's such a weird question.
At least for someone like me,
I'm surrounded by water.
So I'm thinking, well,
and yes, there's lots.
There's definitely enough water.
And we can say that I have a load of natural rice of was,
or like we have in our country,
there are a lot of natural reservoirs of water,
like lakes, ponds,
and Rory says like locks,
because in Scotland, lakes are called locks.
And we are surrounded by the sea,
or you can say like there is a sea nearby,
and it often rains,
so more than enough water.
Or maybe you'll listen to this not enough water.
There are very few rivers and natural reservoirs.
And then Rory asks a kind of a question.
So if we don't have enough water,
then you have to wonder who does,
who does have enough water.
But it's not a question to the examiner.
And you have to wonder, like,
it's interesting to know.
You have to ask this question.
It would be interesting to know.
Are there countries like Scotland that don't have enough water?
Bad weather does affect the food supply.
It does affect farming,
so heavy rains, tsunami,
or hurricanes can kill all the crops.
But Rory says like,
no, no, not a great deal, you know.
Because we have now developed transport links
so everything all like food is delivered to us from different countries.
Well, it's not even from different countries,
just like from one part of the country to the other.
So we can always get something, I think.
Yeah, maybe in isolated areas,
without any transport,
like if an area is isolated,
it's somewhere in the mountains.
There is no way you can go there easily.
And some disasters like a landslide.
Landslide is when what's like some mud comes from a mountain.
Well, it could be mud or rocks,
but the point is that stable ground becomes unstable
and collapses,
usually on top of lower ground.
And that's not good if you're underneath it.
It could destroy roads and it could destroy crops.
So you can talk about...
I could kill you.
Yeah, hurricanes, landslides,
tsunamis, floods,
and fires.
Yeah.
You can kind of from affect food supply.
Exondale is now.
Make sure to Google modern agriculture versus traditional agriculture.
Do read about it in your native language, okay?
So you are an expert on agriculture.
Thank you for listening.
We'll get back to you in our next episode.
Bye!
Bye!
Have new kinds of plants been grown in your city recently?
Well, spring came recently,
so I suppose a lot of plants will be germinating
after the winter period.
But if you mean ones grown by people,
then none near me,
possibly further towards the countryside,
then it's possible.
But where I live, it's too exposed,
and it's too close to the sea for such things to thrive.
Other many people grow in their own vegetables now.
In my country,
I would say fewer than before, actually,
since mass agriculture allows for economies of scale
that people growing things in allotments just can't beat.
They still do, though,
just not anywhere near as large numbers as before.
Showed schools teach children how to grow plants.
I didn't see why not, since it...
Well, it should help people understand life cycles
and the important roles that plants play in our lives.
Not just as things to eat,
but as things like national symbols and natural barriers,
like with field borders and hedgerows.
If they can see and understand a process,
they'll be more likely to explain
and preserve plants as they see the value of them.
What do you think of the job over farmer?
Well, I know I wouldn't want to do it.
It seems like a load of very hard work with minimal rewards,
especially with the almost predatory role
the large food corporations play
in paying them the bare minimum.
It can't be easy, and I don't think they get enough credit.
I mean, you certainly don't see this kind of thing
in the papers in this country.
What are the differences between traditional
and modern agriculture?
That will surely, that depends where you draw the line
at the concepts, at least I suppose so.
Generally, traditional farming is probably smaller scale,
uses fewer industrial methods, like pesticides,
and is less demanding on the environment.
Of course, that will mean the smaller output too.
Modern agriculture seems like the opposite.
Big farms, lots of chemicals and processes
and massively taxing for the local soil,
but with a lot of food produced as a result.
How much traditional farming is there now in your country?
Oh, god, I don't know, those, I can't remember the last time,
I even went to a farm and even driving past fields these days.
It seems like more modern variants with tractors
and polythene covers, and who decides what's traditional too.
So with that in mind, I would say not much based on what I can see,
but take that with a pinch of salt,
because that's, I have no idea, that's just my personal experience.
Is there enough water in your country to support farming?
Well, I would certainly hope so since we have a lot of natural reservoirs
in terms of the logs and lakes in Scotland,
and we're surrounded by the sea on most sides,
plus it rains regularly.
You never hear about it on the news either,
unlike countries farther to the south.
So if we don't have enough water, then you have to wonder who does.
Does bed weather affect the food supply where you live?
Well, not a great deal, given the development of the transport links.
Possibly in more isolated areas, something like a landslide
might prevent food deliveries for a while,
but people who live in those areas are generally well prepared
for eventualities like that.
