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[The Science of Aging: From Whale Earwax to Immortal Jellyfish]-[Two Whats?! And A Wow! - What's in an Age? (Encore - 1/14/22)]

Wow in the World · B1 · 2022-01-14

Preschool Enlightenment
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📋 Summary

Exploring the Science of Aging: A 'Wow in the World' Special

In this episode of Wow in the World, hosts Mindy Thomas and Guy Raz dive into the fascinating world of biological aging. Through their signature game show, "Two Whats and a Wow," they explore how scientists determine the age of various creatures, moving from the microscopic details of teeth to the long-lived mysteries of the ocean.

Unlocking Biological Secrets Through Anatomy

Mindy begins the show with a playful carnival-themed experiment, suggesting that scientists can learn a wealth of information about a person—including their age, diet, and ancestry—simply by studying biological markers like "teeth," "toenails," and even "eye gunk." While this serves as a humorous setup, it highlights a genuine scientific truth: biological remains are windows into the past. By examining "pearly whites" (teeth), researchers can reconstruct the life history of organisms, a method that forms the basis for many paleontological and forensic studies.

The Game Show: Two Whats and a Wow

The core of the episode features the "Two Whats and a Wow" challenge, where listeners are presented with three scientific statements about aging, only one of which is true:

  1. Whale Earwax: Scientists can determine a whale’s age by analyzing its "earwax."
  2. Alligator Poop: An alligator’s age can be determined by its waste.
  3. Naked Mole Rat Rings: The naked mole rat grows a ring around its belly for every year of its life.

With the help of a young listener named Hannah, the show reveals that Statement A is the true scientific "wow." Marine biologists have discovered that blue whales accumulate a new layer of earwax every six months. By counting these layers, scientists can accurately determine the age of these massive marine mammals.

Debunking Myths and Clarifying Facts

The hosts clarify the remaining statements to ensure scientific accuracy:

  • Alligators: While biological waste can provide data, the most accurate way to determine an alligator's age is by examining its "skeleton."
  • Naked Mole Rats: Unlike the common myth, these rodents do not grow rings. However, the concept of growth rings is accurate for other species; specifically, "clams" do grow rings, which is how scientists identified "Ming the clam" to be a staggering "507 years old."

The Wonder of Immortal Biology

To conclude the segment, the hosts introduce the "immortal jellyfish." This creature defies standard aging processes by having the ability to age in reverse. If the jellyfish becomes "injured or sick," it can revert to its "baby polyp state" and restart its life cycle. This biological phenomenon serves as a reminder of how diverse and mysterious the strategies for survival and longevity are in the natural world.

Call to Action: Operation Timber

The episode wraps up with "Operation Timber," a citizen-science challenge encouraging listeners to observe nature firsthand. By counting the rings on fallen or cut trees, children can learn about "season cycles" and determine the age of the trees in their own backyards. This hands-on approach reinforces the show’s mission: to help listeners learn about their world through play and curiosity, proving that science is not just found in textbooks, but everywhere in the environment around us.

🎯Key Sentences

1
music to your ears.
2
That's a lot to read from just a set of teeth.
3
let's get down to business.
4
you look pretty good for your age.
5
no time for paleo chocolate, Mindy.
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📝Key Phrases

1
music to your ears
2
get on with the show
3
step right up
4
get down to business
5
look good for your age
Expand All

📖 Transcript

Grownups, Wondery Plus subscribers can listen to Wow in the World early and ad-free right now.
Join Wondery Plus in the Wondery app or Wondery Kids Plus on Apple Podcasts.
Hey, Wowzer fans, Mindy here.
And before we start the show, I gotta let you know that this November, with a special new episode featuring our friends at Circle Round and Terrestrials on Radiolab for Kids,
And don't miss when Elmo from Sesame Street stops by Wow in the World to make us all belly laugh on November 24th.
Oh, but that's not all, Reg.

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