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Hello, hello dear listener and welcome into world -speaking part three.
we're gonna be talking about traffic congestion hmm traffic jam's Royal hello hello are you already I am so ready when do traffic jams usually happen I mean the simple answer is when there are too many cars on the roads or at least too many cars for the roads to cope with But it could also be down to poor infrastructure planning so engineers haven't arranged for enough space on the roads in certain areas which causes bottlenecks that could be a hassle.
What are the causes of traffic jams?
Other than what I just said?
Well if there had been a slew of accidents then that could clog up the roads too, especially if the emergency services are delayed getting to the crash sites.
Another issue could be poorly thought out laws which are intended to tackle bad driving but wind up slowing everyone down.
Will traffic congestion ease in the future?
Intended to say yes because it seems like there will be more people, and so the demand for transport will go up, however more modes of transport like drones are becoming available.
So it's possible things will even out or even improve if they're embraced by the majority of people so they don't need to go out in their cars they can get everything brought to them via air.
But could traffic congestion worsen in the future?
Well it's certainly possible just based on what I said previously.
If there are more people then the number of cars will go up if no action to mitigate that is taken.
What are possible solutions to the problem of congested traffic?
Well, just building fewer cars and creating more and better public transport infrastructure would be a good start.
I remember my friend was speaking to me about something called the 15 minute city, which is designed to have everything within walking distance.
So I suppose rolling something like that on a large scale would definitely remove the need for all those cars on the roads.
Do you think highways will help reduce traffic jams?
Well, they would reduce traffic jams between cities or points on a map, but that's only going to do anything for the case in cities where there are narrower roads and there are more cars concentrated in those smaller spaces.
Will there be fewer cars if public transport is free?
There might be. But being free is perhaps necessary but not necessarily the whole thing.
It would need to be free and of a high quality.
If you had free public transport but it constantly broke down then no one's going to use it for example.
Thank you Rory for your answers.
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See you soon! Traffic jams usually happen when there are too many cars on the roads So roads can't cope with all these cars And this is because of poor infrastructure planning Or this is down to poor infrastructure planning That just means because of So traffic jams happen during wash hours usually on Friday evenings or on any weekday in the evening and in the morning.
So morning rush hours and evening rush hours.
What are bottlenecks in this context?
Well a bottleneck is a narrowing of the roadway in one way or the other that prevents cars from moving as fast as they could in other places.
So they collect on one side of the bottleneck because they have to slow down and as they travel through the bottleneck they go much slower.
So imagine the top of a bottle, how the liquid inside the bottle goes much more slowly out of the bottle because it's narrower at the top, that's a bottleneck.
Traffic jams happen usually due to some accidents and Rory used like a slew of accidents, Oh, a slew of something just means a whole load of things or a lot of things.
Yeah, a large amount or number.
So a slew of people, a slew of farmers.
Well, it's usually used to talk about something bad, so you might not say a slew of people.
A slew of accidents would be good.
Oh, okay, yeah, something bad, people.
So, a slew of copycats.
Yeah, a slew of bankruptcies.
and accidents could clog up the roads.
So roads are congested or roads are clogged up, full of cars.
And another reason could be poorly thought out laws.
So laws or regulations which have been thought out, written, created poorly.
So they are planned to do one thing, but they end up creating a whole other problem?
End up or wind up. And bad driving could be the reason.
And bad driving slows everyone down.
Traffic congestion could ease in the future.
So there'll be less traffic congestion or it could worsen.
So to get worse or worse, can I say deteriorate?
Absolutely! It gets worse!
Yeah, so to get worse, deteriorate, a nice word for speaking in essays.
And you can say that it seems so.
Like, yes, it could ease.
The demand for something, for transport, will go up.
More modes of transport will become available, like drones, for example, like flying taxis, helicopters, horses, donkeys, you never know.
I mean, it could just be easier if people had drones flying to their houses.
Yeah like drones carrying people, like huge drone taxis.
Can you imagine that's just a drone like picks you up you know like and then like it just flies you to your work destination.
I would love that. No nice huh.
Yeah like you just like put on some parachute you know like wee you like a dragon.
The Game of Thrones dear listen, remember like she commutes on dragon back dragon taxes.
I love it. Mitigate is a very good verb.
A very specific one for essays and speaking.
We usually use it when.
When we want to talk about how people seek to reduce problems or to address problems.
If you mitigate something, it's not completely addressed or not normally.
But it is dealt with in some way.
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We make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad.
Mitigate is a formal word.
Usually, we say, to mitigate the effects of tourism to mitigate the effects of I don't know some industries on the environment.
Could you give us another example?
Well I try and mitigate the chaos around me by having a diary so everything is planned.
We mitigate damage we mitigate risks and a very common collocation phrase is to mitigate the effect of something, so mitigate the impact of oil on nature, for example.
Solutions to the problem of congested traffic or solutions to traffic jams, traffic congestion.
Oh, by the way, do you listen.
Traffic congestion is singular, all right?
So it's not traffic congestion, no, no, no, no, no!
Traffic congestion there is a lot of traffic congestion...
but you can say there are a lot of congested roads or clogged -up roads.
Rory's solutions are very simple, just building fewer cars.
So let go. We don't need too many cars.
I don't think we need as many as we have.
Hmm. Okay. better public transport infrastructure and building cities so that everything is within walking distance.
Now come on yeah imagine New York, Tokyo yeah everything is in the walking distance uh -huh you can just like ha ha.
Well I think we might have to redesign those cities significantly in order for that to become a possibility but I don't think it's impossible I think the with some effort we could do it and we would all be better for it we would move more things would be more efficiently located and of course people wouldn't be stuck in these huge urban sprawls so I think it's better for people whether it's better for companies to make money on the other hand there's another matter entirely yeah there's now iotes doesn't ask you to solve global problems so you can just say you know like just brainstorm some ideas
yeah we're redesigning cities to make everything within walking distance.
There you go. I solution.
Ha ha. And now Rory's vocabulary show.
Rory, Rory, Rory. Rory, Rory, Rory.
Yep, it's the part of the show where I ask Maria questions about the grammar and vocabulary that I used.
Yeah and you answer questions together with media listener, right?
So Rory asks questions and you answer and then you listen to my answer.
Okay, let's do it together.
But remember, listen carefully to what Maria says because it's not always the right answer.
Yeah, I trick you sometimes.
So in the first question I was asked why or when traffic jams usually happen.
One of the causes I mentioned was because the things which are built in the city to facilitate movement are not well designed, but what did I say to describe that.
Poor infrastructure.
Yes, the infrastructure is the thing that supports life in the city and if it's poor, then it's not good.
Then we talked about the causes of traffic jams and I mentioned a whole load of different problems.
Lots of them. In fact, when I talked about accidents, I used a special phrase to talk about a large number of something, but what was that special phrase.
A slow of accidents.
Perfect. Then in the next question we talked about if traffic congestion will get better or worse and I talked about different kinds of transport but I didn't say different kinds of transport what did I say instead?
Modes of transport oh fantastic Maria you're on course to getting 100 percent.
Then in the last question I was asked what the possible solutions could be.
And I talked about how things could be redesigned.
So everything is easy to walk to.
But I didn't say that I said something different.
What was that? Everything is within walking distance.
Hey, excellent. So Phil Marks, Maria, that means there's a bonus question for you.
Yeah, we talked about making things easier, or not as bad.
And there was a special word I used to describe that.
But what was it? Oh, mitigate the effect of something.
Hey, 100 % I hope Maria got it and I hope you did too.
Thank you very much.
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When do traffic jams usually happen?
I mean the simple answer is when there are too many cars on the roads, or at least too many cars for the roads to cope with.
But it could also be down to per -infrastructure planning.
So engineers haven't arranged for enough space on the roads in certain areas which cause bottlenecks, that could be a hassle.
What are the causes of traffic jams?
Other than what I just said?
Well, if there have been a slew of accidents then that could clog up the roads too, especially if the emergency services are delayed getting to the crash site.
Another issue could be poorly thought out laws which are intended to tackle bad driving, but just wind up slowing everyone down.
Will traffic congestion ease in the future?
Well, I'm tempted to say yes because it seems like there will be more people and so the demand for transport will go up.
However, more modes of transport like drones are becoming available.
So it's possible things will even out or even improve if they're embraced by the majority of people.
So they don't need to go out in their cars.
They can get everything brought to them via air.
But could traffic congestion worsen in the future?
Well it's certainly possible just based on what I said previously.
If there are more people then the number of cars will go up if no action to mitigate that is taken.
What are possible solutions to the problem of congested traffic?
Well just building fewer cars and creating more and better public transport infrastructure would be a good start.
I remember my friend was speaking to me about something called the 15 minute city, which is designed to have everything within walking distance.
So I suppose rolling something like that, on a large scale would definitely remove the need for all those cars on the roads.
Do you think highways will help reduce traffic jams?
Well, they would reduce traffic jams between cities or points on a map.
But that's not that's not going to do anything for the case in cities where there are narrower roads and there are more cars concentrated in those smaller spaces.
Will there be fewer cars if public transport is free?
There might be, but being free is perhaps necessary, but not necessarily the whole thing.
It would need to be free and of a high quality.
If you had free public transport but it constantly broke down then no one's going to use it for example.
