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I'm Tia Zirkar, Sabine Ren, Spector V.
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And I'm Jon LaBrote, the Ghost Crew stowaway moderator.
Each week, we're going to rewatch and discuss an episode from this series, and share some fun behind -the -scenes stories.
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Why would you do that to me?
Los Angeles, 2021. A friendly neighbor appears out of nowhere and promises to make all my dreams come true.
Let's not forget that David Blume was a professional con artist.
So, you didn't stand a chance.
But my dreams soon turned into a nightmare.
I'm Caroline Damoure.
Listen as I take down my scammer on Once Upon A Con on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
I'm Tomer Cohen, LinkedIn's chief product officer.
If you're just as curious as I am about the way things are built, then tune into my podcast, Building One.
I speak with some of the best product builders out there.
I've always been inspired by frustration.
It came back to my own personal pinpoint.
So we had to go out to farmers and convince them...
Following that curiosity is a superpower.
You have to be obsessed with the human condition.
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Oof. Oh, God. Hi, everybody.
It's Chuck here. Oh boy, my selection this week is how the flu works.
And I'll give you one reason why.
This is from November 14th, 2017.
I hope you like it.
I'm going back to bed.
Welcome to Stuff You Should Know.
A production of iHeartRadio.
Hey, and welcome to the podcast.
I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W.
Chuck Bryant. There's Jerry.
This is stuff you should know about the flu which I have.
You not the flu, do you?
I don't know, man. I've been on the planet for 41 years.
I still can't really tell the difference between a flu and a cold.
I think the difference that I can tell, and I don't get the flu much.
You know I always get the stomach bug which, as it turns out, is not a flu.
I just learned. But I don't get the flu flu much.
But I can always tell though when I'm super achy, the flu just makes me feel like dog doo -doo.
Right. Whereas the cold is just a big inconvenience.
Yeah, I've had, no I've definitely had like lots of aches and I woke up like shivering one night?
Oh so you had a fever for sure.
I guess so. Um I guess it must have been one night and the middle of the night.
So that's the flu right?
Probably. So I guess I do have the flu.
No joke everybody. Well I'm erecting the clear glass in between us.
Yeah I think that I've had it long enough now based on the research from this article that I'm not contagious or else I would have called this off.
So did you get it in New York I wonder?
I think so. Yeah I'm already in here.
Yeah, which I was like I was just walking around like with my hands inside of a couple like plastic Dwayne Reed bags and still didn't work.
Well, that was your problem probably right there.
Dwayne Reed. Because I didn't take him off when I ate.
Gross. Yeah, so yes, we were in New York for some Bellhouse shows right, those went pretty well.
Yeah, thought they were great.
All right. So the flu.
We won't reminisce about pass victories.
We'll just talk about the flu instead.
Yeah. How about a stat right off the get go here.
Okay. Um, the flu. The CDC.
Also, sorry everybody for the sniffling.
That's going to inevitably happen.
But I'm trying hard not to do it.
You're method podcaster, right?
Uh, which is also what I said in my very first episode.
That's right. Remember that?
Yep. It's not any funnier now.
So the CDC right here in Atlanta Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, not the CDCP.
No, they just stuck with the original.
They reckon that about 5 to 20...between 5 % to 20 % of United States peoples get the flu each year, compared to about 10 % to 25 % in dirty cold Canada.
Right, I know. And normally when you get the flu, it's just you're lit up for a couple of days, right?
Yeah. Like you said, you feel like dog do or something like that.
Yeah. That's the seasonal flu.
But even with the seasonal flu, which usually here in the United States or in North America runs from what, like October to March?
Yeah, roughly. And then I didn't really think about this before, but in the southern hemisphere, it runs the opposite and actually peaks in August.
Yeah, most of the time it's just an inconvenience for you, but it actually kills people sometimes.
Yeah, it can be dangerous for sure.
So in 2011 and 12, that was a pretty low year for deaths from the flu in the US.
There were 12 ,000 people who died from the flu or complications from the flu.
2012 -13 flu season 56 ,000 people died that year.
And I think the average is something around 36 ,000 people in the U .S.
die from the flu every year.
Yeah, and apparently the World Health Organization says around the world, as many as a quarter of a million people to a half a million people can die every year from the flu.
Right. A lot of folks.
It is, so I mean, and the idea of dying from the flu, that's awful because, I mean, if you feel bad enough as it is from a flu that you recover from in a few days, imagine dying from that.
That would just be a terrible way to die.
And the whole thing comes down to this little tiny virus, the influenza virus, and there's different types.
And influenza I found is actually a shout out to the Italian name for it originally.
Did you know this? Uh, did not.
So I'm going to say it normally, but then you have to say it in your famous telling it accent, uh, influenza defredo.
Are you talking about the influenza defredo?
Yeah, which means influenza the cold.
Oh, all right. A lot of, for, for many, many, many, many years, because the flu, um, is most predominant in the colder months.
Um, everybody just assumed that it was the actual cold that was getting you sick, right.
That turns out not to be true.
It's an actual, it's a virus that does seem to favor the cold, drier conditions of the winter months.
But this little tiny virus gets into your body and it starts this chain reaction that is just fascinating.
Yeah, so, it is a respiratory illness.
So like I said before, when you hear people say the stomach flu, which I've said a lot in my life.
Because I get it once a year, with the poopy butt and the vomitus mouth and the ill belly.
At the same time, though, I can't, I think I've asked you this before, but I don't remember.
Has it literally ever happened at the same time?
Mm hm. I think once in my life.
Man, that's rough. I was on the John with the bucket.
Oh, God. It's so rough.
Well, the worst time I ever had it, I may have told the story before, I was sick at a friend's house, which is the worst, when I was not living in Atlanta, but I was in Atlanta.
Oh, no. And I was like, I just got to get to my mom's house.
Mom. Yeah. And I was like, I'm just much more comfortably being sick there.
Yeah. And he was working.
And it was just one of those things.
And so I got in my brother's car that I was barring while I was in town.
I don't like where this story is going.
And I drove, no lie, probably about 100 miles an hour to Snellville from Atlanta, thinking.
And I pooped in my pants in the car.
And I remember thinking, if a cop pulls me over, he would have to be a cold heartless individual to give me a ticket, because I would just say, sir, don't take me to prison, take me to a hospital, because I'm dying.
So, I drove 100 miles an hour.
It was kind of fun.
So you made it home, you showed up with poopy pants, and your mom took care of you?
Yeah, showed up to Diane's house, and I lived.
But anyway, that was a long way of setting up this, which is that is actually not a flu, the stomach flu is not because the flu is 100 % a respiratory illness, right?
And it's not something that happens in your stomach or in your in your butt.
Right. And let's let's talk first before we talk about the actual effect of the flu, let's talk about the virus a little bit.
Okay, okay. back in 1931 there was this Iowa farm physician, which is to say, he was a human physician of humans but he probably lived on a farm because it was Iowa in 1931.
His name was Richard Shope and he was trying to figure out what this bug that was getting people was and he investigated with pigs first because there are plenty of other animals that can come down with the flu, not just humans right?
Right. And he finally isolated, he isolated the flu virus in swine and it led to this discovery of the isolation of the flu virus in humans too.
So right after that they started classifying the flu by strains.
You got A, B, and C, right?
So, A is the most common and most severe.
That's the bad news.
Yeah. B is a little milder, a little less prevalent and then we go all the way down to C, which is, I get the feeling sea doesn't happen a lot and it definitely isn't the one that you're gonna have like a big epidemic of the flu from a sea.
Yeah I couldn't find much on sea influenza either.
Or sea yeah it'll make a comeback one day and it'll it'll shock the heck out of all of us right so.
So type a infects all sorts of different species right humans, birds of all kinds, pigs, bats, horses, even?
Yeah. I mean, remember the avian flu?
That was uh, that scared the world.
Oh yeah. And that was a right.
That was a strain. B strain is almost exclusively infective of humans.
Apparently the only other species we've ever found a tight B influenza virus in is seals.
God knows where they got it from, or if we got it from seals, who knows Maybe, up north?
I don't know. And then that C1, it just infects humans and pigs.
So, you've got the three types.
And then, one other thing about the classification of flu strains is that there are also subtypes, right?
And so, you mentioned, like, avian flu.
And the one that scared everybody was, I think, H5N1.
Yeah, that was it. I remember.
So the H and the N are the they refer to the two kinds of the two main proteins that you find on the outside of a flu virus Hemagglutinin and Neurominease Okay, and so depending on those types of H protein or M protein That's that's how they subtype flu strains.
Yeah. So, I mean That's a good little factoid, I don't think anyone really understands what those letters mean.
That's what they mean.
You know. Yeah. But as far as you're concerned, just pay attention to the news and when they talk about the scary ones, they'll mention those letters and numbers and then you can impress your friends.
Yeah you can be like oh well they're talking about hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
And they'll say shut up nerd, I hope you get sick.
So as far as the standard flu that we're talking about here, the virus, it gets into your body and it kind of makes a beeline to your respiratory tract and it binds with your cells.
It's virus, did we do one in general on viruses?
The one I think we really went in depth on was HIV, where we talked about how virus enters the body and takes over.
It's just vicious. It is but it's also, it's kind of like admirable in a really like deadly efficient way, you know?
It is. So they bind to the surface of the cells in that respiratory tract and then they say, hey, I'd like you to meet my little friend, RNA.
Why don't I inject my genetic information into your nucleus and see how you like it?
Right, and when it does that, the cell has been officially hijacked and the virus uses the cells' own RNA transcription process to create the proteins that are needed to make new versions of the virus.
So the virus is using this host cell in your respiratory tract to make copies of itself.
And suddenly before the cell knows what's going on, it's made millions of copies of these viruses right?
And apparently when you talk about it step by step, it seems like this takes a little while.
No. In seconds, seconds after that the virus has entered your respiratory cell, millions of copies of it have been made.
Yeah, like this is happening so fast.
It moves in there. It says, I'm in charge now.
Yeah, out of the way.
Yeah, completely out of the way.
I'm running the show here.
We're copying each other and we're going to move out to the cell membrane because this cell's going to die very quickly.
And then that's just going to poof me out into the body further to infect other cells.
And it's scary how quickly this happens.
Right, so if you think about it, if that first cell produces millions of viruses, viral copies, and then they're released from the cell, out into the rest of the other respiratory cells, and each of those infects another cell, and then those cells all make millions, you see how quickly these viruses reproduce in your body.
And once that starts to happen, you are infectious.
I think once that first cell ruptures you become infectious.
But this can be like a day before symptoms.
So this is something people are always saying, oh, I'm not infectious anymore.
Like me, I said it earlier too, right.
But supposedly the day before you even know you're sick the day before the first symptoms start before you start like sniffling a little bit or whatever.
You're infectious, buddy.
Yeah and you're infectious up to seven days after that day You first start showing symptoms with the flu and if you're a kid you can be infectious even longer because if kids are anything They're walking germ factories.
They're just disgusting monsters.
It's hilarious It's true man, like my kid didn't get sick at all for the first 18 months of her life and I thought I've got a Wonder Baby.
Yeah, really. I don't know what's going on And we put her in daycare a couple of days a week and she was sick nonstop for the next six months.
Man, that is rough.
It is rough. And then they get the family sick, and we'll talk a little bit about that and how that happens.
But all this is to say, during flu season, especially if you work in like an office where, you know, when you hear like the flu is going around or whatever, or anywhere you work or in school, if you hear about the flu going around, even if you don't feel sick or your Cubemate doesn't feel or look sick.
Just start washing your hands a lot.
Oh, yeah that's like they say that it's the best way to prevent getting the flu or spreading the flu is washing your hands a lot doing it's It's so simple that you almost might discount it But it's actually true Like that's the best way to do it you can wash the flu virus off of your hands with some soap That will bind to it and the water will wash it right off and wash that flu right out of your hair Yeah, and if you have the flu stay home Yeah, everybody but me Stay home.
Well, we're up against it.
We had to record today and Also wash your hands just constantly like I if I'm about to touch anything I'll wash my hands first right if I'm gonna go somewhere outside of the hot zone, which is whatever room I'm sequestered in you know I will wash my hands You know, I appreciate that.
I mean trust me. We're in this tiny studio now the three of us I know, I'm trying not to breathe.
Yeah, you've done all of this on one breath.
It's impressive. I know.
Well, quickly, before we take a break so you can breathe again, we're going to talk about symptoms afterward.
Before you get those symptoms, what's happening is your respiratory system is going to become inflamed.
And this inflammation might stick around for a few weeks, but from there, it moves into your bloodstream, and then that's when you're going to get these symptoms once it sort of it moves into the bloodstream.
Right. And we're gonna talk about the symptoms as promised right after this.
Love at first swipe?
I highly doubt it. What's your biggest red flag?
No, no, no. What's your ultimate green flag?
These days reality TV and social media have us thinking love is instant.
And we're marrying strangers at first sight, we're finding love through walls, or we're even judging people by balloon pops.
But what really makes a relationship blast?
On this episode of DOPE Labs, poet, author, and relationship expert, Young Momplo breaks down the psychology and biology of loving better.
And he provides eye -opening insights and advice that we all need.
It's a big realization moment that you should not be postponing your happiness.
Like, your greatest happiness is not necessarily going to, like, come from a relationship.
Your partner, they should add to your happiness, but your happiness is really coming from within you.
Listen to Dope Labs on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts.
Hey, everybody! Chuck and Josh here.
And I was recently a guest once again on one of my favorite podcasts is called the puzzler with old pal and friend of The show AJ Jacobs AJ gives really fun and funny word puzzles to guess like me like Ken Chinese Like Dak Shepherd and hopefully like Josh because he would be so great on this show.
Yeah, it's definitely on my to -do list You got to be on it's a lot of fun It's sort of like wordle or connections but for your ears and I think we should play everyone just a little clip It's a puzzle that I have to convert in movie titles from the metric system back to their actual title Oh, wow.
From my second appearance on The Puzzler right now.
All right, so I'm gonna give you a title of a movie, and you have to re -convert it to the Imperial System.
All right, this is gonna be great.
Here we go. The green 1 .6 kilometer is...
I would say it's the green mile.
Exactly, the green mile.
So subscribe to The Puzzler with AJ Jacobs to tease your mind and tickle your funny bone.
head up. Hey y 'all, it's your girl, Cheeky's.
And I'm back with a brand new season of your favorite podcast, Cheeky's and chill.
I'll be sharing even more personal stories with you guys.
And I know a lot of people are going to attack me.
Why are you going to go visit your dad?
Your mom wouldn't be okay with it.
I'm going to tell you guys right now.
I know my mother, and I know my mom had a very forgiving heart.
That is my story on plastic surgery.
This is my truth. I think the last time I cried like that was when I lost my mom, like that like yelling.
I was like, no. And I thought, what did I do wrong?
And as always, you'll get my exclusive take on topics like love, personal growth, health, family ties, and more.
And don't forget, I'll also be dishing out my best advice to you on episodes of Dear Cheeky's.
So my fiancé and I have been together for 10 years.
in the first two years of being together.
I find out he is cheating on me not only with women but also with men.
What should I do? Okay, where do I start?
That's not love. He doesn't love you enough because if he loved you, he'd be faithful.
It's going to be an exciting year and I hope that you can join me.
Listen to Cheekies and Chill Season Four as part of the My Cultura podcast network available on the iHeart Radio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.
Welcome to Pod of Rebellion, our new Star Wars Rebels rewatch podcast.
I'm Vanessa Marshall.
Hi, I'm Teasia Serkar.
I'm Taylor Gray. And I'm John Lee Brody.
But you may also know us as Harrison Doolah's Spectre 2.
To being Ran's Spectre 5.
And Ezra Bridger's Spectre 6 from Star Wars Rebels.
Wait, uh, I wasn't on Star Wars Rebels.
Am I in the right place?
Absolutely. Each week, we're going to rewatch and discuss an episode from the series.
And share some fun behind the scenes stories.
Sometimes, we'll be visited by special guests like Steve Bloom voices Zaborelio Specter 4 or Dante Bosco voice a Jy 'kel and many others.
Sometimes we'll even have a live way debate.
And we'll have plenty of other fun surprises and trivia too.
Oh uh and me well I'm the lucky Ghost Cruise Stowaway who gets to help moderate and guide the discussion each week.
Kind of like how Canaan guided Ezra in The Ways of the Force.
You see what I did there.
Nicely done John. Thanks Tia.
So hang on cause it's gonna be a fun ride.
Cue the music. Listen to Potter Rebellion on iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
All right, Chuck. Did you breathe?
Yeah. A little bit.
Let's talk symptoms.
Okay? You know what I need?
I need one of those reeds that Bugs Bunny used to hide in the water when Elmer Fudd was hunting him.
I could just like get a long one and maybe a crazy straw would be even better, and just like pipe it out to the air duct right there.
That's a great idea.
We'll get everybody else sick except you and Jerry.
So the symptoms sound a lot like a cold, because the symptoms are kind of the same.
a cold is usually not as fraught with potential complications and maybe a little less severe, but they're pretty close.
Which is why you couldn't tell earlier if you had a cold or flu.
Right. But that fever, that's the big one, apparently.
It's a big distinction between...
Yeah. I think that's kind of the way I just distinguish it, right?
Yeah. And colds are also caused by viruses.
They're caused by coronaviruses, which there are types of coronaviruses that are really bad that cause like MERS and SARS, but for the most part when you catch a cold from a coronavirus it's a low -level virus or it's a rhinovirus, that's the other one that causes the common cold.
So it's just a different kind of virus producing similar symptoms to a flu.
Do you remember when Peter Sarsgaard was on Saturday Night Live years ago?
He was the actor. Sure, he was on there during the SARS when there was that SARS scare in the United States One of their skits was he had developed the SARS guard SARS guard.
Mm -hmm Basically a surgical mask, but it was just funny.
They said SARS card SARS card like thirty times and I laughed every time It's I think his younger brother's was Pennywise the clown in the the it movie right?
Oh, I don't know I'm pretty sure that was a SARS garden.
He is amazing. Yeah?
Have you seen it? No. Oh you gotta see it.
You're gonna love it.
Now was he a S .A .R .S.
guard or a Scars Guard?
Oh god, I didn't know there were two different things.
Well there are the Scars Guard which is like Stella's Scars Guard is the dad.
Okay. And then the son was the dude on True Blood, The Vampire Show and then recently on that pretty little liars I think.
I don't know. One with Nicole Kidman.
Okay. That's Alexander Skarsgard.
I think that might be him.
Is Sarsgard the one who's in Fargo?
Sarz - No. Who is that?
Peter Sarsgard. Yeah.
That's another dude.
What is up with all these guys?
So are you sure you're not just dropping the K off of Peter Skarsgard?
Alright, here's the deal.
Okay. The guy in Fargo.
Man, this is such a bad sidetrack already.
It's pretty bad. The guy in Fargo was Peter Stormare okay he's not even in the equation that no but I definitely know that there is Peter Sarsgaard okay because he either was or is married to Maggie Gyllenhaal oh yeah I guess I knew that Peter Sarsgaard okay and then there's Stellan and Alexander Sarsgaard and I don't know who it the clown was it's Bill Sarsgaard and is he related to the Scarsgards I guess so yeah I I believe he's the youngest of them.
Oh, I'm sorry, I was wrong.
It was Tim Curry, I was talking about.
No actually, we've never looked stuff up, but I did look that up.
Because the headline here says, Alexander Scarsgård's reaction to his brother Bill's clown costume.
Yeah, his acting goes way beyond the costume.
They did go with the costume, but it was...
Oh yeah, it was good.
I know there were so many people screaming at their phones, but I think we finally got it right.
Yeah, sorry about that, everybody.
I also want to apologize for any medical students who are being forced to listen to this as part of their class.
Hopefully your instructor fast -forwarded through that part.
Alright, back to this all that got started with SARS -Gards, SARS -Gards.
Oh, yeah, that's right, because that's from the coronavirus.
This is the influenza virus we're talking about that creates this inflammation, which is your immune response, right?
In your lungs? That's correct.
And the symptoms like a cold or coughing, sneezing, the fever, which is different like we said, with the flu, achy body which usually comes with that fever, and then Josh's runny nose and congestion that you can hear in your overall lethargy.
Yeah, I am a little under the weather I guess is a good way to put it.
I can tell. So, those are just standard flu symptoms.
You can have secondary symptoms from complications of the flu, right?
One thing that that has long gone hand in hand with the flu as far as like death from flu complications goes is bacterial pneumonia.
Yeah, that's no good.
And for a very long time science wasn't quite sure why you were just so susceptible to bacterial infections when you were battling the flu and they figured it out.
It's actually your body's immune response that is responsible for it, right?
So when you have the flu, and your body starts to battle it off, and you get a fever, and your lungs become inflamed, that's your immune system's response to the flu virus.
But when your body says, okay calm down everybody, let's bring the temperature back down.
And your body represses its own immune response.
It opens the door for bacteria that normally it would be able to fight off to take advantage of this kind of naturally weakened state that your immune system's in and you're much more susceptible to infections from bacteria.
And that's where pneumonia comes from.
You can get viral pneumonia, but you usually get bacterial pneumonia.
And that's the stuff that people can die from because that bacteria infects your air sacs in your lungs which fill with fluid and pus and blood and you die from choking on bloody froth that fills up your airway.
yeah it's not it's a bad jam man.
Severe dehydration is another secondary symptom of the flu that's why of course you always want to drink plenty of water when you have a cold or a flu.
I looked that one up too Chuck because if you think about it why why would you be dehydrated from the flu it's from sweating yeah sure your nose running yeah it's leaking fluids you you are and like they start to add up and all of a sudden you're dehydrated before you even knew it that's right ear infections especially if you're a kid sinus issues Emily always gets the bad sinus problems along with his stuff I know she was starting to get a little sniffly is she sick she did get sick oh that poor lady yeah New York man yeah it killed everyone I love and then if you like in Emily's case she's slightly
asthmatic but if you are asthmatic you've like diabetes it can make that stuff worse yeah she doesn't have diabetes right no well the reason diabetes is is comorbid with the flu or is problematic when you have the flu is because type 1 diabetes especially is an autoimmune disease so your immune system is already repressed I guess yeah and then heart conditions can be exacerbated by it because you're getting less oxygen from your lungs into your bloodstream, which strains the heart.
And if it's already weak, people have heart attacks from the flu if they already have a heart condition.
Isn't that crazy? Again, it's a bad jam.
Well, actually, in the episode coming up, about the silly one about the 10 cursed movies, Remember the little girl from poltergeist died at 12 from a heart attack brought on by the flu.
Yeah. Right? Yeah. Or she had like a stomach blockage they initially diagnosed it as the flu.
Oh, okay. But I thought it was never like a virus like that.
I don't think so. I think they mistook it.
Well, then forget all that.
But people do. So your point still remains.
Correct. Okay. So, how you get the flu is this.
Like you said, it's generally about November through March, January and February tend to be the worst of it here in the United States.
And as we mentioned, offices and schools, especially, because children are filthy monsters who just don't wash hands, and they breathe on each other and touch each other, and they don't cover their mouths when they cough or sneeze.
But it's pretty cute when they hug each other.
It's very cute, actually.
It's worth all the sickness in the world.
It's pretty great. But that's the reason that kids tend to spread it more because as much as you try and teach them to cover their mouth when they cough and sneeze and wash their hands a lot, it's just not really on their radar like it is for adults.
Because they are dirty, dirty creatures.
And then the kid then in turn brings it home and then the family gets infected pretty quickly because try as you might, there's just a lot of close contact with kids that you can avoid.
And even if you're washing your hands, they will find a way to infect you.
Right. And if you go even further back, there's an even earlier origin before kids picking it up at daycare or preschool for the flu.
Usually, it comes from other animals we're finding right?
Yes. Very frequently birds like we were saying right.
And they used to think that for a human to catch a flu from a bird especially, that flu had to show up in a mixing vessel, usually a pig, which was capable of taking it.
It could be infected by a bird flu and a human flu and flu viruses have this amazing talent called reassortment where a flu strain and And another flu strain can get together and be like, oh, hey, you have eight proteins that make up your RNA.
I do too. Let's mix and match and see what happens.
And they thought for a long time that this really only took place in pigs, and then out would come a new super virus that no one had ever seen before that humans could catch.
But from Southeast Asia, people being in close contact with infected birds, especially like in the poultry industry or something, there have been cases that started in the 90s of avium flu coming directly from birds to humans.
So that theory went out the window.
And that's what set off those fears of a bird flu pandemic that we lived with for many years.
Yeah, that's right.
And a lot of that was just spread from bird poop.
Yeah. And it scared people because those bird flus are no joke.
They have a 60 % mortality rate.
60%, 6 out of 10 people who come down with H5N1 bird flu die.
Right? Yeah. Luckily it's really, really difficult to catch it, even when you are around sick birds.
It doesn't very frequently make the jump to humans but it can, is what they found.
Yeah, as far as the regular flu, the garden variety flu that we're talking about mainly here, it spreads from, well like we said, from touching stuff from coughing and sneezing when you cough and sneeze, even if you think you're covering your mouth pretty well, there may be little little fluids squirting out between your fingers up to a few feet, it's in the air around you, that stuff can travel, you know?
So, if that lands on a doorknob, or if someone coves their mouth like a normal and then opens a door or borrows a stapler, or whatever, it's gonna be on that doorknob, and then you touch it.
And that's why, like, hand washing by the sick and by the non -sick is so crucial.
Yeah. And if you're, like, having an anxious day at work, and you're doing your normal thing of chewing on your stapler to relieve anxiety.
And the guy who borrowed it was sick.
You're toast. You are toast.
And as you mentioned earlier, it bears repeating, you can be sick a day before symptoms.
Or you can be contagious a day before symptoms and still remain contagious up to seven days after the symptoms start.
Right. So even if you feel better after day four, you could still be spreading that junk around for a few more days.
Right. and they say that even after you feel better you should stay in bed an extra day because again your immune system is is compromised and you are are like you can catch other stuff so you want to be careful that extra day really pays off and that's when you just lay in bed and watch stranger things too right I haven't seen it yet is it good?
Yeah we just finished it last night cool did you see the first season?
Yeah oh yeah yeah that was great season two is just as great if not better I'm Wow, I'm glad to say that, too.
I was a little nervous, you know, because it was something I loved and it's like, Oh, man, season two, a lot of pressure.
Well, yeah, that's how it happens.
The sophomore season is very frequently like everyone's aware of the success of the show and what people are saying about it, they try to adapt to the expectations rather than continuing on doing what they were doing before.
But good for you guys, stranger things.
Yeah, so great. I want to get those duffer brothers on a movie crush.
Oh, yeah, that'd be cool.
those guys would be great.
Should we take a break?
Yeah, I think so. All right, we'll come back and talk a little bit about pandemics.
Love at first swipe?
I highly doubt it. What's your biggest red flag?
No, no, no. What's your ultimate green flag?
These days reality TV and social media have us thinking love is instant.
We are marrying strangers at first sight.
We are finding love through walls.
Or we are even judging people by balloon pops.
But what really makes a relationship last?
On this episode of Dope Labs, poet, author and relationship expert Young Pueblo breaks down the psychology and biology of loving better.
And he provides eye opening insights and advice that we all need.
It's a big realization moment that you should not be postponing your happiness.
Like, your greatest happiness is not necessarily going to come from a relationship.
Your partner, they should add to your happiness, but your happiness is really coming from within you.
Listen to Dope Labs on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
the podcast. Hey everybody, Chuck and Josh here and I was recently a guest, once again, on one of my favorite podcasts, it's called the puzzler with old pal and print of the show AJ Jacobs.
AJ gives really fun and funny word puzzles to guests like me, like Ken Jennings, like Dax Sheppard and hopefully like Josh because he would be so great on this show.
Yeah, it's definitely on my to -do list.
Oh, you got to be honest.
A lot of fun. It's sort of like Wordle or Connections, but for your ears.
And I think we should play everyone just a little clip.
It's a puzzle that I have to convert movie titles from the metric system back to their actual title...
Oh, wow. ...from my second appearance on The Puzzler, right now.
All right, so I'm gonna give you a title of a movie...
Mm -hmm. ...and you have to reconvert it to the imperial system.
All right. This is gonna be great.
Here we go. The green 1 .6 kilometer...
Right, I would say it's the green mile.
Exactly. The green mile.
So subscribe to the puzzler with A .J.
Jacobs to tease your mind and tickle your funny bone.
Welcome to Pod of Rebellion, our new Star Wars Rebels rewatch podcast.
I'm Vanessa Marshall.
Hi, I'm Tia truths are.
I'm Taylor. Great. And I'm Jon Lee Brody.
But you may also know us as Harrison doulas specter two to being ren specter five and Ezra Bridger's Spectre 6 from Star Wars Rebels.
Wait, I wasn't on Star Wars Rebels, am I in the right place?
Absolutely! Each week we're going to rewatch and discuss an episode from the series.
And share some fun behind the scene stories.
Sometimes we'll be visited by special guests like Steve Bluhm voices Zabarelli of Spectre 4, or Dante Bosco voice of Jaikel, and many others.
Sometimes we'll even have a lively debate.
And we'll have plenty of other fun surprises and trivia too.
Oh, uh, and me? Well, I'm the lucky ghost crew Stowaway who gets to help moderate and guide the discussion each week.
Kind of like how Canaan guided Ezra in the ways of the force.
You see what I did there?
Nicely done, John. Thanks, Tia.
So...hang on, cause it's gonna be a fun ride.
Cue the music! Listen to Potter Rebellion on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
Hey y 'all it's your girl Chiquis and I'm back with a brand new season of your favorite podcast, Chiquis and Chill.
I'll be sharing even more personal stories with you guys.
And I know a lot of people are gonna attack me.
Why are you gonna go visit your dad?
Your mom wouldn't be okay with it.
I'm gonna tell you guys right now I know my mother.
And I know my mom had a very forgiving heart.
That is my story on plastic surgery, this is my truth.
I think the last time I cried like That was when I lost my mom, like that, like yelling.
I was like, no. I was like, uh, and I thought, what did I do wrong?
And as always, you'll get my exclusive take on topics like love, personal growth, health, family ties and more.
And don't forget, I'll also be dishing out my best advice to you on episodes of Dear Chikis.
So my fiancee and I have been together for 10 years and the first two years of being together.
I find out he is cheating on me not only with women, but also with men.
What should I do? Okay, where do I start?
That's not love. He doesn't love you enough because if he loved you, he'd be faithful.
It's going to be an exciting year and I hope that you can join me.
Listen to Cheekies and Chill Season Four as part of the My Cultura podcast network available on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.
All right, Chuck. So we were talking about how seasonal flu has seasons.
That's why it's called seasonal flu right?
That's, that's, I guess, one classification of flus.
There's also a pandemic flu.
And the same kind of flu virus can be a pandemic flu or a seasonal flu.
And I think usually the way it happens is a new virus will emerge from say like livestock or poultry or something like that and infect humans.
And if it's totally novel where no human has ever encountered a flu of this type before, it can just lay waste to people.
It can kill a lot of people.
It can infect a lot of people.
It can spread the world.
And when and that happens, it becomes classified as a pandemic flu.
After a couple of rounds around the world, people will have started to develop an immunity to it, but it'll still be passed around.
And so for the decade or so, it can be the predominant strain of the flu, but it'll have changed over to a seasonal type of flu.
So it's almost like the pandemic versus seasonal type flu describes how contagious it is, and and how virulent it is.
I think that's the big distinction.
Yeah, and I think also, in the pandemic, doesn't that mean it has left the country?
Yeah, I think that is kind of one of the indicators of it, too, Yeah.
1918, these numbers are staggering.
This is the worst flu pandemic in world history in 1918, for, I don't know what months exactly, but 1918 and 1919.
And it killed more than 20 million people around the world.
And it killed most of those people actually in four months from September to December.
Isn't that crazy? More lives were lost than all 20th -century wars combined to the flu.
Yeah. You said 20 million?
20 million worldwide, about half a million in the United States.
I saw in many reputable places 50 million people died around the world.
Man, that is just staggering.
Yeah, and that was like right at the end of World War I and just came out of nowhere.
And one of the other really noteworthy things about it that just baffled people was it was killing like healthy people under the age of like 22, 23, 24.
Like just healthy young people killed by the flu and a lot of them died from pneumonia.
And they finally figured out that it was because it had been about 20 -something years since of flu resembling that type of strain had made the rounds.
So people under, say age 25, had never been exposed to it.
So it was a novel flu which just leveled the people it was exposed to had never encountered something like it before.
Yeah. I mean, it's scary to think about… I mean, surely that couldn't happen today, could it, or could it?
Oh, yeah. Yeah? Sure.
Man, you'd think that we could head something like that off these days.
Do you know like a third of the population of the world was infected with that flu that year?
Wow, isn't that crazy?
I know that's hard to believe.
Yeah, that can totally happen.
It's a it's a real concern.
All right, so as far as your risk of getting the flu, if you're a kid like, there's different risk groups like high -risk, low -risk, whatever, medium or average risk.
But if you're under two years old, your little immune system isn't quite smart enough yet to know how to fight things off.
So you're definitely more at risk.
And as always what affects the children also affect the elderly.
So if you're over 65, seniors is elderly.
Wrong to say. I think elderly, it's technically 81.
Oh really? Yeah. All right.
So we'll go with seniors.
Seniors. Active senior adults who have decades left in them.
That's right who else anyone who has a any kind of chronic like I mentioned asthma and diabetes any kind of chronic condition if you're pregnant if you work in a hospital or a doctor's office yeah or nursing home nursing home not just people who work there but the residents too are in a really vulnerable position yeah because they are in the elderly age range their immune systems are pretty compromised if they're in a nursing home, they're probably ill already, and then they're living in close quarters with other people who are ill.
That's a recipe for disaster.
Yeah, sure is. It's also a recipe for tapioca pudding.
It is. The best around.
Remedy -wise, and we'll talk about vaccinations here in a minute, because I thought that was kind of one of the most interesting parts of this.
But as far as remedies, if you get the flu.
It's a virus, so you can't take antibiotics.
No. You can't take a pill that's gonna cure you.
There are some antiviral drugs, which I've never tried any of these, have you?
No. No? No. I tried Zicam last year once.
I think that's for colds.
Yeah, I thought that was like just credited.
Well, I mean, I had a few people say, Oh, you know, you should try Zicam, It helps not cut your cold faster, uh -huh it Killed my sense of taste and smell.
Oh no for several days to the point where I was scared I don't remember that.
I'll bet you were scared.
Yeah, and I looked it up and it's a thing.
Oh, I do remember that actually Yeah, yeah that that's just really unnerving that idea of maybe it's permanent.
Yeah, it was it was pretty pretty freaky Yeah, I'll bet and super noticeable.
It wasn't like a subtle thing.
You'd be like chili Hey, I miss you.
So that was my experience I'm not making some sweeping statement about that medication.
Way to see you man.
But there are antiviral drugs called, there's one called Tamiflu, Rolensa, Phlamidine, along the nose, if you ask me.
Flu stop. Well antiviral drugs, they seem like a good idea, but they seem like a good idea under the premise that seasonal flu streams where used to think they they used to think that they died out at the end of a season, right?
Right. Well, they started tracking them like our global monitoring system is really top notch.
And they can track flu around the world.
And they found that seasonal flu at the end of the season in North America, it just goes to South America.
So since that's the case, when you use antivirals, and you're exposing these flus that go on to survive, you're also training them, evolutionarily speaking, to adapt so that those antiviral drugs are useless against them for people who like really need them.
So just like with antibiotics, using antivirals just to cure a common flu or to shorten a common flu is probably a bad idea when you're talking about the whole population.
Yeah, and that's what they do.
they they what they try to do is just keep the spread, cellular spread from happening as much as it can.
Right. And that's sort of the easiest way to say it.
Yeah, yeah there's there's one keeps them well to a pair of them keep them from replicating and then another one traps them inside a cell once they enter.
Right. It's like oh god I can't get out the door is locked and then.
Death. And they're prescription drugs right if I'm not mistaken so vaccines are like pretty hot they're like the hot thing to do on a Friday night is to go get a flu vaccine right yeah I didn't get I didn't get flu shots for many many many many years until I had a kid yeah and they say like if you if you especially if you have a baby under six months of age they can't be vaccinated and so everyone around them should be vaccinated is the the recommended recommendation from the CDC yeah like our close family the the Grand Squans and the Abba's mm -hmm all in the pop pops and the Papa's and the poo
paws and the Mee -Mangs and the momos hey yeah yeah momo got a flu shot that was nice of her she's very kind so yeah we all got flu shots and I just wasn't you know I never got the flu much.
I didn't have a disbelief in the flu vaccine.
I was just like, nah, I don't really need to bother with that.
Yeah. That's kind of fine.
Do you get them now though?
Now, is it a habit of yours now?
Well, yeah. Now they just sort of recommend it when you have kids.
Up until they're a certain age, you should get vaccinated as a family.
And when you have kids, if you get them vaccinated, once they're able to be vaccinated again, under six months they say, no, no, no, don't do that.
When they're young though, and you're getting unvaccinated, they need to be vaccinated twice like a month apart.
And so with flu vaccines in general, they recommend that you get it as early in the season as possible because it takes about two weeks for that to take effect.
So with a kid then, I guess you would want to get him, so that six weeks before the flu season?
I don't know. Or is there's that second one pretty much like okay now it's taking effect.
Is it four weeks plus two weeks?
I don't remember the schedule.
Yeah I don't remember the schedule.
Well ask your doctor.
Okay we're not doctors.
Stop pressuring us.
They'll tell you like when you go to get your little kitty checkups they say you know come back in this month and get your flu shot number one then flu shot number two.
And so for a while there there were two kinds of flu shots that the CDC recommended one was an actual shot if the flu vaccine that was in a shot form yes and then there was another one that's called a live attenuated influence of virus which came in the form of a nasal spray and that was usually recommended for kids I don't know if it's because kids don't like needles or what but the CDC has officially stopped recommending nasal flu vaccines yeah So you don't do those anymore.
Well, and when they were doing it, when we say kids, you had to be over five because it was a, like you said, a live virus.
Right. It was a live weakened virus.
Yeah, and that's different.
Like if you think, all right, I'm going to get a flu shot, so that means I'm going to get the flu virus shot into me and so I might feel like I have the flu.
That's not really the case.
It's really kind of neat how they do it.
these scientists and doctors, like you said, track what's going on in the world of flu all over the world and they, they sort of make a, no, they don't sort of, they very definitely make a prediction and say here's the flu strain specific to the United States let's say that I think we're gonna be faced with this year and they make their best scientific guess possible And that is the you get a not live version of that virus injected in your body Your body sees hey foreign invaders here Let me produce antibodies then if that virus or if the real flu knocks on your door later that winter Your body
says wait, I've met you before I might fight you.
Yeah, but it's pretty cool like and it literally the effectiveness I looked up this year and it's a year -to -year thing It's 40 to 60 % on this year's strain and it varies, because it really just depends on how well those scientists have predicted how much they get it right.
Because if they get all three wrong, well, then you're toast when you encounter the flu that's going around that season.
It's really interesting.
But even when they do get it right, it's kind of baffling that sometimes the flu vaccine just doesn't bestow any kind of immunity.
Apparently, Australia just came out of a really bad epidemic flu season down there.
And it didn't cause a lot of deaths, but everybody was sick with the flu.
It was an H3 type flu that went around.
And even though that strain showed up in the vaccine that was given out, only like 15 % of people who got vaccinated and were exposed to the flu were immune to it.
Like 85 % of people who got flu vaccines and then encounter the flu still got sick.
That's a pretty bad track record for a flu vaccine, and they're just not sure why.
One of the theories is so when they make flu vaccines they grow them in egg protein typically like Ken's eggs.
That's the medium they used to actually grow the viruses that they then kill.
One researcher pointed out that at least one kind of flu virus mutates in the presence of egg protein so that the virus that you put in to grow in there is different from the one that comes out.
It's a mutated version and so maybe that would would prevent your body from recognizing the original one that you're trying to introduce it to in the vaccine so interesting it is pretty interesting well and they say there's a list of people who should not receive the flu shot and one of the one of those qualifications is if you are allergic to chicken eggs then you shouldn't get a flu shot.
Yeah there's like a couple of other ways that they make flu shots flu vaccines but that chicken egg is the most predominant way to do it.
Yeah if you're currently have a fever, weight on your flu shot under six months of course we said you cannot.
If you have had flu shots in the past and you had a bad reaction because like I said it's not gonna make you sick but you might feel a little achy or have sore muscles or something, but you can have a bad reaction, and if that's the case, then maybe flu shots aren't for you.
Right. And if you're an anti -vaxxer, then you probably already decided that flu shots aren't for you.
Correct. Which we will never do an episode on that.
Vaccinations? Right.
Oh, you don't think so?
I don't know, man. So the idea that a flu vaccine can, you know, check all the boxes, but still just be wrong, wrong, wrong, or not confer immunity has some people looking for a universal vaccine or one that lasts way longer than just a year.
What they're targeting is, so when you get a normal vaccine.
That vaccine is based on that HA protein, the hemagglutin.
And that's the most quickly evolving part of any flu virus, right?
Yeah. So they're saying, well let's look at other parts of the flu virus that don't evolve nearly as quickly and target that.
And some of those parts are even basically universal among all flu viruses.
So if you can create If you can create a vaccine based on a stable part of a flu virus that's a part of every flu virus, one vaccine could confer, ideally, lifelong immunity from all influenza for anybody who takes the vaccine.
One vaccine to cure them all?
Wow. Yep. So, uh, you got anything else?
No. I mean, I guess we're not going to cover the Boogie Woogie flu.
I thought that was Boogie Woogie fever.
No, it's the Rockin' pneumonia in the boogie with Lee.
Oh, that's nice. What's that from?
Is that an Atlanta rhythm section song?
No, they're better than that Okay Well since I said Atlanta rhythm section everybody that means it's time for a listener male Yeah, this is a Simpsons overlooked overlooked Simpsons bit from us and And this is not one of those, we got plenty of things where people like, how could you not have mentioned this quote, or this episode?
But the response was good, then people weren't necessarily pooh -poohing it.
No, and also I want to say thank you to everybody who wrote in to say congratulations or to thank us.
That was all, every single one of those emails, or tweets, or posts were all well received, so thanks for those guys.
Totally. But this is something we failed to mention, which definitely deserves its own email.
And this is from Rich, our man on Cape Cod, as he says.
Hey guys, was listening to the Simpsons two -parter, enjoyed it very much.
You explained how an episode came to be from conception to animation, et cetera, and you paid respect to each portion, but then you slide it off one of the most important men in the franchise, you just said, and then slap Denny Elfman's score on it and it's done.
Well, as any true Simpsons aficionado would know, Danny Elfman has never once written a score to the Simpsons.
He wrote, as we know, just the title.
Or the theme song. The theme song.
So he says, that job fell to the immensely talented and recently terminated via email, Alf Clausen.
Wow. For 27 years, every score, every cue, every song was composed, orchestrated, and conducted by Clausen and his live orchestra.
He has won two Emmies and seven Annie awards for his work.
The reason this was such a painful sight was because this omission has been happening for years.
Closin has worked insane hours writing music for a live orchestra to accompany an animated show.
He's always played second fiddle, nailed it, he said.
To all those who think Elfman is any part of the show after he penned the main title, in fact the main title theme song we all know and love is actually Closin's re -orchestration of Elfman's theme that took place mid -season three with a lusher more crisp orchestration.
I bet you anything rich plays the oboe.
Alf Clausen, I'm so sorry.
I know. He said I admire your podcast for bringing like information that has been stuck lurking in the shadows.
You always make sure credit is given to those who sometimes went their entire lives without getting the nod they deserve.
Oh, this guy's really turning the knife in our backs, doesn't he?
And I feel you, oh Clausen.
that respect so, Alf Clawson, for real.
And then it was a bit of a longer email he told the story of how he was recently fired by email which is not cool.
No, it's definitely not.
That's our 27 years of dedicated work.
I know man. Not cool guys.
So, that is Rich, our man on Cape Cod.
Well thanks a lot Rich, appreciate that.
That was one of the better emails I've heard in a while.
Agreed. If you want to try and top Rich, let's see what you got.
You send us an email.
stuff podcast at HowStuffWorks .com and join us at our home on the web.
StuffYouShouldKnow .com.
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Welcome to Pod of Rebellion.
Our new Star Wars Rebels rewatch podcast, I'm Vanessa Marshall, voice of Harrison Doolah, Spectre Two.
I'm Tia Zirkar, Sabine Wren, Spectre Five.
I'm Taylor Gray, Ezra Bridger, Spectre Six.
And I'm Jon Le Brodie, the Ghost Crew Stowaway Moderator.
Each week, we're gonna rewatch and discuss an episode from this series and share some fun behind the scenes stories.
Sometimes we'll be visited by special guests like Steve Blume, voice of Zabirelio, Spectre Four, or Dante Bosco, voice of Jical and many others.
So hang on, because it's gonna be a fun ride.
Cue the music! interviews with incredible people who have figured out how to make golf their superpower.
An I -Heart Women's sports production in partnership with Deep Blue Sports and Entertainment.
You can find us an I -Heart radio app or wherever you get your podcasts.
Presented by ELF Beauty, founding partner of I -Heart Women's Sports.
Reality TV and social media have love all wrong.
So what really makes relationships last.
On this episode of Dope Labs, poet and relationship expert Young Pueblo breaks down the psychology of love and provides eye -opening insights and advice we all need.
You should not be postponing your happiness.
Your greatest happiness is not necessarily going to like come from a relationship.
Your partner should add to your happiness but your happiness is really coming from within you.
Listen to Dope Labs on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.
