In Chapter 29, the narrative reaches a pivotal turning point as the narrator and Friday assist Captain Walsh in reclaiming his authority. The captain reveals that the ongoing turmoil aboard his ship is the result of "two men" who "convinced the others to mutiny." These antagonists are described as "terrible sailors" whose primary motivation is greed, as "gold is the only thing they think about." The captain expresses a firm belief that his crew, currently drifting with "no clear direction and no plans to go home," would return to loyalty if the leaders of the rebellion were neutralized.
To resolve the conflict, the narrator takes charge, stipulating two conditions: he must lead the operation, and the captain must ensure safe passage to England for both him and Friday. The group devises a plan to surprise the mutineers. Armed with weapons and gunpowder from the narrator's "cooking cave," the party moves "as soft as air" toward the beach. Upon surrounding the unsuspecting mutineers, the narrator commands them to "toss your weapons," forcing the rebels to surrender their "knives, swords, and scabbards." Friday demonstrates his exceptional agility by capturing the two ringleaders, whom the narrator labels "ruffians," before they can escape into the trees.
Once the instigators are removed, Captain Walsh addresses the remaining crew, offering them a choice between returning to his command or facing their demise. Overcome with "shame for betraying such a good man," the sailors choose loyalty, even offering a celebratory chorus of "For he's a jolly good fellow." This act of reconciliation marks the end of the mutiny and restores the captain's authority.
The aftermath of the confrontation allows the narrator to show Captain Walsh his "successful farm," an achievement that leaves the captain "very impressed." As preparations for the voyage to England begin, the narrator reflects on his long isolation. He provides Friday with the choice to return to his family, but Friday remains steadfast, stating, "I decided a long, long time ago that I wanted a life of adventure." The prospect of visiting the "great nation of England" cements Friday's decision to join the narrator.
Before departing, the narrator confronts the two captive villains in the cooking cave. He offers them a grim ultimatum: return to England "bound and shackled" to face "execution" for treason, or remain on the island to survive on their own. Choosing survival, the men accept their exile. The narrator leaves them with the advice that the island is a "paradise" that must be treated with care. As he prepares to leave his "prison" that had become a "beautiful home," the narrator acknowledges his deep longing for "civilization," marking the end of his long exile and the beginning of his journey back to society.