[The Role of Nature and Wildlife in Modern Forensic Science and Crime Solving]-[Investigating true crime in the animal kingdom]

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From those talks, we bring you speakers and ideas that will surprise you.

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Challenge you. We truly have to ask ourselves, like, why is it noteworthy?

And even change you. I literally feel like I'm a different person.

Yes. Do you feel that way?

Ideas worth spreading.

From Ted and NPR. I'm Manoucha Zamorodi.

And this is the story of a murder that couldn't be solved by humans alone.

Just a warning, there are some graphic descriptions that may be hard to hear for some people.

It all starts with a man who'd gone missing in Wind Parish, Louisiana.

It was in the summer of 2013.

I was called in the evening hours.

This is Bradley Marr. He was the lead detective on the case.

There was a possible kidnapping.

That's how it came in and that's how it first got involved.

Detective Marr soon learned that the victim's roommate had evidence.

He had a video camera system at his house, so he reviewed the video camera and solved the victim getting taken from the house at gunpoint.

At that point, all hands on deck.

I was the detective on call, so I got called and immediately went to the scene.

Thanks to that video surveillance, the detective and his team quickly tracked down the alleged kidnapper.

But the victim, he was nowhere to be found.

We were searching hard.

You know, we're sending out teams and basically just looking, looking for car tracks, looking for evidence, looking for anything.

And we're talking about an area here that was miles and miles and miles across.

No clues, nothing. By now, Detective Marr felt pretty sure that the victim must be dead.

But he refused to let the trail grow cold.

We were desperate. We were looking for a body.

We had a family that wanted some closure.

So at that point in time, I said, what to hit?

Let's call her and she may can tell us something.

Detective Marr called on the one person whom he thought might be able to help him find the body.

Yes, my name is Lauren Parks and I am a forensic scientist, but specialized in avian scavenging, especially vultures.

Okay, basically you are an expert on vultures and crime.

Is that fair to say? Yes.

Vultures feed on decaying animals and humans, which is why they can help lead people to a crime scene.

Or so Detective Marr had heard.

You know, you watch the western movies of the Galena, the desert, and the vultures circling.

Here's the email he wrote to Lauren.

I'm a detective with the Sabine Parachairs Department.

I'm wondering how many species of vultures we have in Louisiana?

Of those, will all the species eat human remains?

We are working a kidnapping and haven't found the body of the victim.

He has been missing since Tuesday morning at 10 a.m.

We have the suspect and jail on the kidnapping charge.

Thank you, Detective Marr.

And so how did you respond to the detective?

So he's thinking that the victim is dead, but I told him, you know, don't be looking for vultures that are circling, per se.

She is planning to be starting looking for vultures, or riding on air currents.

When you see a circling vulture, they are typically riding a thermal, because they are so big, they are too big to flap their wings like normal birds.

So they use thermals to soar around.

So you're going to be looking for vulture sitting in a tree, sitting on the ground, sitting on fence posts, whatever.

And if they have scavenged the body, they're going to leave feathers at the scene, the body is exposed.

They will often leave the spinal column intact.

So we did put that word out to every single person that was searching.

This is what we're looking for as far as vultracted.

Detective Marr's unorthodox idea was exactly what this case needed.

And it's exactly what we love about true crime.

Some of us can't get enough of thrillers and mysteries, cold cases gone hot again, and who done it?

But if humans can't sniff out the clues, what if the suspect has claws?

On this episode, we're giving true crime a wild twist, with stories about animals who perpetrate, solve, or are victims of various crimes, like vultures who can act as winged coroners, the first to arrive at the site of a murder.

So Detective Marr needed to find a body.

They'll go very wooded area.

And soon he did. There was a shallow grave that was located in a lake bed.

But sure enough, vultures had beat him to the crime scene.

There was a portion of a hand that's posed from that grave, and that's where they scat some scatting you're going to occur with the vultures.

There was a skeletonized arm sticking up out of the grave.

But it was defleshed. And then when they dug up the body, the head of the victim was in pieces.

But the body itself was, it had still all the flesh on it.

So just the arm had been pulled out of the grave and scavenged.

We thought we could see a faint drag mark, but you know, five days has passed.

And I start taking photos, and then kind of start trying to put everything together.

And I've seen law in those photos that we've taken.

And she was like, well, wait a minute, that's a vulture feather.

Forty yards away, they had found feathers, and a bloody pine cone, and a bloody stick.

Forty yards from where the body was found in the grave.

Okay. So a bloody pine cone, and there were feathers at the crime scene.

Right. But they were 40 yards away from where the body was fed, you said.

Correct. And that didn't mean anything to the detective at the time, but that meant a lot to me.

It meant a lot in the sense that it didn't add up.

And by that I mean that 40 yards, that's the tremendous distance for a vulture.

And they're not attracted to blood.

Lauren Far Parks picks up the case from the Ted stage.

There appeared to be a problem, because the feathers were located 40 yards from where the body was found.

The feathers were next to a bloody pine cone.

Vultures aren't attracted to blood, and they typically don't wander.

They might wander 40 feet, but they're not going to wander 40 yards.

That would be a waste of energy for a bird that doesn't know when it will get its next meal.

So why in the world would a vulture wander 40 yards?

One of the reasons I love vultures is because they tend to operate in a manner that can be explained by biology and physics.

I started mentally going through the numerous baiting experiments.

I had conducted at a body farm in Texas.

A body farm is a place where you can donate your body to science.

Next I brought up my field notes and had an aha moment.

I knew of two things that would lure a vulture 40 yards from a body.

Guts and brain matter. Guts and brain matter were the clues.

How did that help them figure out what the hack happened to this poor guy?

So they came to the conclusion that the victim was led into the forest at gunpoint.

Then rather than shooting the victim, the victim was bludgeoned with a baseball bat.

Then the victim was what's deceased dragged 40 yards to a grave.

The thought was that a baseball bat was used so that no one would hear the gunshot.

We got the autopsy report and knew that we had a blunt force trauma to the head.

She was able to actually pretty much narrow down the actual scene of the homicide and tell this body had not been here longer than five days.

We put the gun to the timeline and immediately we were able to secure an arrest for the suspect for first degree murder here in the state of Louisiana, which can carry all the death penalty.

It's an awful story Lauren, but kind of fascinating to think that understanding vulture behavior helped them solve the case.

Yes, I think I was very helpful in being able to say that their theory is supported by the avian evidence.

So they thought that maybe this individual had been hit over the head elsewhere and the avian evidence definitely supported the theories of the detectives.

I've always been that police officer that says every time I can put another piece of that puzzle together that helps me when I go before jury.

So if you take what Lauren had given me, it made perfect sense.

Everything lined up and it just kind of was that last piece of the puzzle that really tied everything together.

Did they ever find out the motive?

Yes, it was over a woman.

So there was jealous. Wait, it was a crime of passion?

It was a crime of passion.

Yes. Do you ever think like there must be so many cases out there where the detectives never considered that vultures might have a role in helping them piece together a crime?

I think there's a tremendous number of skeletal cases.

Some may have gone and solved because the timeline is off because animals and especially vultures were not considered as a factor in the decomposition.

Detectives are starting to become aware of the role that animals have in forensic science and I think that detectives can just, hey, let's look for like a feather or if there's exposed bone, but there's also tissue.

Maybe an animal was here.

They don't always leave the nom marks on the body or the bloody image that you see on TV so sometimes it can be a lot more subtle than what you might expect.

Lauren, I have to ask you, when you tell people what you do, like, you know, how do they respond or react usually?

Some people ask questions like, how did you get into that or where I get this?

And then some people just looked at me like, look at me with a confused face.

Are you like, agatha Christie meets Hitchcock's The Birds essentially?

Those are the things that come to mind for me.

Yes, and then I always, you know, want to tell people about what I do.

I've seen it so much that I forget that this is usually a shocker to other individuals and so I have to be careful to not scare people away.

Yeah. That was Forensic Scientist Lauren Far Parks.

You can see her full talk at Ted.com.

We also heard from Bradley Mar, the lead detective on the case.

Today on the show, Crimes in the Wild.

I'm Anush Zomerodi and you're listening to the Ted Radio Hour from NPR.

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It's the Ted Radio Hour from NPR.

I'm Anush Zomerodi and on the show today, Crimes in the Wild, which brings us to our next case.

A burglary in Aspen, Colorado.

We're up in the hills above the town, prime real estate, nice houses.

This was a house that kind of spilled down the hillside three stories and from a couple days observations that appeared that it was an empty house.

Now each story had a deck.

So the bottom deck was right off of a bedroom and there's a big window.

And when we arrived, the screen was still lying on the floor.

It was bent as though hit with some force, lying on the carpeting wall to wall carpeting white carpeting.

No mud on the carpeting, nothing in the bedroom is disturbed or stolen.

And then we get to the kitchen and it is chaos.

All over the floor, the contents of the refrigerator and the freezer, we have ice cream curtains, we have cottage cheese, we have a broken bottle of honey, we have eggs, everything on the floor.

Definitely knew what he was going for.

Oh, and definitely blew his cover.

Yes, unless it was a ravenously hungry burglar, all signs indicated it was a bear.

A bear who got away with the crime and there surveying the detouress was author Mary Roach.

I write nonfiction books and the latest one is called Fuzz when nature breaks the law.

This latest book is about animals who commit crimes and bears feature heavily because they're just a darn hungry.

They're omnivores in the truest sense of the word.

Do they really go for the honey?

They go after honey, they go after beer, they like craft beer.

They do not like the cheap stuff.

They don't eat crappy ice cream.

There's a brand called Western Family that bears will ensue in favor of Ben and Jerry's or Hagen Doss.

Curtis touched the wildlife officer who had come with me to the site of this break and he said that a bear had unwrapped the foil on a Hershey's kiss and eaten the kiss.

This way with his bear claws?

Oh yeah. Maybe did it in his mouth?

Kind of like the way people with very dexterous tongues can tie a Jerry stem?

Who knows? These bears are good at getting what they want, huh?

Yeah, there have been instances also where a family will be sitting down to dinner.

The food is on the table.

The bear comes through either the window or the door, grabs something off the table and leaves.

Don't want to stay for dinner.

Okay, bye. Can you imagine, you know, you're sitting down to a meal with your family?

The bear is like, I'll take that chicken.

Thank you. And then just takes it to go and just takes it to go.

So Mary, bear human conflict.

I mean, this is not exactly new.

We have been asking animals to abide by our rules for a very long time.

That's right. The 1800s manifest destiny.

This sense that the land belongs to us.

It is ours to take and is ours to use.

And the wild animals were perceived either as varmints or they were something that you could profit off of.

And there was really a cultural consensus.

Use them or just kill them.

There were bounties on all of the large carnivores, bears, wolves, coyotes, mountain lions.

You would show up with a pair of ears or a scalp at the local wildlife agency and collect your pay.

And that knocked back the numbers tremendously.

And that persisted through, you know, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, 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