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[The Science of Disgust: Why We Get Nauseous and Itchy]-[Disgustival]

Wow in the World · B1 · 2022-01-03

Preschool Enlightenment
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📋 Summary

The Science of Disgust: Why We Get Nauseous and Itchy

In this episode of Wow in the World, hosts Mindy Thomas and Guy Raz explore the fascinating evolutionary science behind why we experience the feeling of "disgust." Through a visit to a fictional museum exhibit called the "Disgustival," they break down how our bodies use nausea and itching as biological defense mechanisms to keep us safe from harm.

The Biological Bodyguards: Pathogens vs. Ectoparasites

The episode centers on research conducted by psychological scientist Dr. Tom Kupfer and evolutionary anthropologist Dr. Daniel Fessler. Their work categorizes our feelings of disgust into two distinct protective responses:

  1. Nausea as a Defense Against Pathogens: The feeling of wanting to "barf your brains out" is described as the body’s "first line of defense" against pathogens—organisms like bacteria or viruses that can make us sick. By triggering nausea, the body prevents us from ingesting poisonous or contaminated substances, effectively acting as an internal "built-in bodyguard."

  2. Itching as a Defense Against Ectoparasites: The urge to scratch at the sight of creepy-crawlies is a response to ectoparasites—organisms like fleas, ticks, and head lice that live on and feed off the skin. The hosts note that even just looking at images of these parasites can make one's "skin crawl" and head itch, serving as a signal to the brain to avoid physical contact with these external threats.

Trypophobia and Evolutionary Responses

The hosts discuss "trypophobia," defined as the aversion to the sight of "closely packed clusters of tiny holes or bumps." Dr. Kupfer’s research suggests that when people with this condition are presented with images of skin infections or parasites, they often feel an intense physical urge to itch. This reaction is not a conscious choice but an evolutionary trait developed over "millions and millions of years."

Experimental Evidence

To test these theories, researchers showed over 1,000 participants in the U.S. and China videos featuring repulsive imagery, ranging from raw meat swarming with maggots to skin eruptions. The results indicated that humans share common physical and emotional reactions to these threats. Whether it is nausea in response to internal pathogens or itching in response to external ectoparasites, these responses appear to be universal human behaviors designed to promote survival.

Conclusion: A Work in Progress

The episode concludes by noting that while these initial findings are compelling, more research is required. Dr. Kupfer and Dr. Fessler plan to take their study on a "world tour" to determine if these reactions to "really, really disgusting things" are consistent across different languages, cultures, and customs. Ultimately, the hosts suggest that these powerful, visceral reactions are a gift from our ancestors, acting as an ancient, inherited wisdom that helps us navigate the dangers of the world around us.

🎯Key Sentences

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It's going to be a November to remember.
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But for now, let's get on with the show.
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word on the street is that it's making everyone who visits blow their groceries.
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How is this an exhibition at the art museum?
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Are you sure you want to know the answer to that?
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📝Key Phrases

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music to your ears
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word on the street
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crack me up
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get on with
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let you down
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📖 Transcript

Grownups, Wondery Plus subscribers can listen to Wow in the World early and ad-free right now.
Join Wondery Plus in the Wondery app or Wondery Kids Plus on Apple Podcasts.
Hey, Wowzer fans, Mindy here.
And before we start the show, I gotta let you know that this November, with a special new episode featuring our friends at Circle Round and Terrestrials on Radiolab for Kids,
And don't miss when Elmo from Sesame Street stops by Wow in the World to make us all belly laugh on November 24th.
Oh, but that's not all, Reg.

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