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[Eurozone Expansion, Serbian Energy Crisis, and the Lantern Craft of Tuntou]-[Bulgaria adopts the Euro]

World Business Report · B2 · 2026-01-01

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📋 Summary

Bulgaria's Historic Entry into the Eurozone

As of the start of 2026, Bulgaria has officially become the 21st member of the Eurozone, a milestone reached nearly two decades after its accession to the European Union. This transition marks the end of the 'lev,' the country's currency for over 144 years, which served as a vital 'symbol of national identity.' Public sentiment remains divided; while proponents argue that adopting the euro will 'promote stability, boost the economy and reinforce ties to the West,' opponents express significant anxieties regarding 'inflation, speculation and the loss of national sovereignty.'

To mitigate concerns about price manipulation during the transition—where the conversion rate is fixed at approximately 1.95883 lev to one euro—the government has established a 'strong watchdog body.' This mechanism allows citizens to report instances where they feel they are being 'ripped off' by merchants rounding up prices. Despite these fears, many residents in Sofia view the change as the 'last part of our integration into the European Union,' expressing optimism that the shift will ultimately prove more useful than the legacy currency.

Serbia's Energy Crisis and the NIS Sanctions

Serbia faces a precarious economic situation regarding its energy security following sanctions imposed by the United States on the petroleum industry of Serbia (NIS). Because the company is majority-owned by Russia’s Gazprom group, it became a target of Washington’s 'wider crackdown on Russia's energy sector.' The closure of Serbia's only oil refinery in December threatened the supply of 'more than four-fifths of the petrol and diesel' consumed in the country.

While the Serbian government has secured a 'temporary reprieve'—a license to operate until January 23, 2026—the situation remains critical. According to BBC correspondent Guy Delany, the refinery is 'terrifically important' to the national economy. The long-term resolution of this crisis hinges on whether the Gazprom group will divest its shares, with talks currently involving potential buyers from Hungary and Abu Dhabi. Until a permanent solution is found, Serbia must 'scramble to get oil via Croatia's Yanaf pipeline' to maintain fuel reserves.

Tuntou: The Heart of China's Lantern Industry

In preparation for the upcoming Chinese New Year, the village of Tuntou in Hebei province is operating at peak capacity. Known as the 'Palace Lantern Village,' this small community produces an astonishing 80% of China's total lantern supply. The craft is deeply ingrained in the local culture; as 72-year-old resident Bai Junping noted, children often 'pick it up from around 10 years old.'

The production process is a testament to traditional craftsmanship, involving the assembly of metal rods, plastic circles, and intricate fabric adorned with symbols such as fish or Chinese characters. These lanterns range in scale from the size of a basketball to massive structures up to 20 meters tall. Beyond mere decoration, these items represent a vital 'cultural heritage.' While modern manufacturing may eventually offer cheaper, mass-produced alternatives, Tuntou remains the primary source for these iconic symbols, ensuring that the manual traditions associated with the New Year period continue to thrive.

🎯Key Sentences

1
I definitely support our entry.
2
I think it's a good step.
3
I do not think there'll be anything to worry about, quite the opposite.
4
We will only benefit from this.
5
In my opinion, it will only be more useful for us than the old currency.
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📝Key Phrases

1
public opinion is divided
2
reinforce ties to
3
breathe a sigh of relief
4
put this in context
5
scramble to get
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📖 Transcript

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Join us for the day's top stories from BBC News twice a day on weekdays, daily at weekends.
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Another country enters the Eurozone.
It's World Business Express from the BBC World Service.
I'm Leanna Byrne.

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