Welcome to English as a Second Language podcast number 1,279.
Baking for people with dietary restrictions.
This is English as a Second Language podcast episode 1,279.
I'm your host, Dr Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.
Go to ESLPOD.com for more information about this podcast.
This episode is a dialogue between about making food for people who can't eat certain things, who have what we would call dietary restrictions.
Let's get started.
I think we should have a bake sale.
We'll raise lots of money for our schools.
A baked sale sounds good, but it's too much trouble.
It's not as simple as that.
We have to be careful selling baked goods to people with dietary restrictions.
Like what?
Some people have ethical concerns.
Vegans, for example, don't want any animal products in their food.
Like eggs and milk?
That's right.
And other people have medical problems or conditions.
Diabetics, for instance, want their baked goods made with sugar substitutes.
And people who are lactose intolerant want dairy substitutes.
No sugar?
No dairy?
And there is a whole slew of allergies to consider, like people who have celiac disease, those who can't eat gluten and those who are allergic to wheat or peanuts.
Wow, when did life get so complicated?
How about a rummage sale instead?
Good idea.
Gemma begins our dialogue by saying to Sebastian, I think we should have a bake sale.
A bake, B-A-K-E sale.
S-A-L-E is when people get together and bake individual cakes and other things that they then bring and sell in order to raise money or get money for an organization such as a school or a church.
A lot of schools and churches have bake sales where individual members of that organization each make something at home and then bring it to the school or the church and sell it to people in order to get money for that organization.
Gemma says, we'll raise, meaning we'll get, lots of money for our school.
Sebastian says, a bake sale sounds good, but it's too much trouble, meaning it's too difficult.
It will cause too many problems.
Gemma says, how much trouble can it be to bake a few cookies and cakes?
A cookie.
C-O-O-K-I-E is a small, usually round flat dessert made.
That is typically made with some kind of dough, flour and water combined together and then cooked with other things of course.
Cookies are sometimes hard, sometimes soft, but usually small enough that you can pick it up and eat it with your hand.
A cake is C-A-K-E is a larger dessert or thing that you would eat after a meal as something sweet.
That is usually cut up into smaller pieces so you can eat it.
A cake is usually 8 or 10 inches around, or it could be a big square cake like you would have at someone's birthday party.
Cake often has what is called frosting, F-R-O-S-T-I-N-G, on top of it.
Frosting is a sweet colored, usually layer of some sort of buttercream or other sweet spread that goes on top of the cake.
Sebastian says it's not as simple as that.
Gemma thinks it won't be difficult to have this bake sale.
Sebastian disagrees.
He says we have to be careful selling baked goods to people with dietary restrictions.
Baked B-A-K-E-D goods.
G-O-O-D-S refers to any kind of sweet food that is baked in an oven O-V-E-N.
An oven is where you put food to cook it, to make it warm.
An oven is basically a warm box that is heated.
Dietary, D-I-E-T-A-R-Y, refers to food, the things you eat.
A restriction is something that you cannot do, a limitation on what you can, in this case, eat.
So dietary restrictions would be things that, for whatever reason often a medical reason you cannot eat.
I, for example, cannot eat shellfish, things such as shrimp and crab.
Because I have an allergy.
If I eat it, my body reacts in a bad way.
That's a dietary restriction I have, which is too bad because I really love shrimp and crab.
But a few years ago, I started having a reaction to that food.
I'm not sure why.
And now that's one of my dietary restrictions.
Gemma asks what sort of dietary restrictions they would have to worry about for their bake sale.
Sebastian then begins by saying, some people have ethical concerns.
Ethical E-T-H-I-C-A-L refers to what you think is right or wrong, what you believe is morally correct.
Sebastian is talking about dietary restrictions, not for someone's health, but because of what someone might believe their ethics are.
He says vegans, for example, don't want any animal product in their food.
A vegan, V-E-G-A-N, is a person who does not eat or use any animal products.
No meat, no eggs, no milk, in many cases no honey.
That would be Things that a vegan would not eat or not want to eat.
It might not be for an ethical concern, however, but for some vegans, that's probably true.
Gemma then says, like eggs and milk?
Sebastian says, that's right.
Those are things a vegan would not eat.
He continues, and other people have medical problems or conditions.
Diabetics, for instance, want their baked goods made with sugar substitutes.
And people who are lactose intolerant want dairy substitutes.
A diabetic D-I-A-B-E-T-I-C is someone who has a disease called diabetes, which relates to the blood sugar and insulin in their body, chemicals in their body that have to be regulated because of the disease.
One of the things that diabetics usually avoid is sugar, and therefore they would want sugar substitutes.
A substitute, S-U-B-S-T-I-T-U-T-E-S, is when you replace one thing with another thing.
I used to put sugar in my coffee.
Now I don't.
Now I use a sugar substitute, something that makes the coffee sweet but isn't sugar, although that might kill me also.
I don't know.
But I'm still going to drink my coffee.
Diabetics want sugar substitutes.
People who are lactose, L-A-C-T-O-S-E, intolerant, I-N-T-O-L-E-R-A-N-T, want dairy, D-A-I-R-Y, substitutes.
Lactose is a kind of sugar that is found in milk.
Milk is an example of a dairy product.
The word dairy means related to or made from milk.
In the U.S., that's usually milk that comes from a cow.
A cow is an animal that goes moo, moo.
You know what I'm talking about, right?
So if you are lactose intolerant, you cannot have milk or dairy products, because that bothers your stomach and gives you a bad reaction.
There are lots of people who are lactose intolerant, who cannot drink a lot of milk or dairy because it makes them sick.
Gemma then says, no sugar, no dairy?
Sebastian continues, and there is a whole slew of allergies to consider.
A slew, S-L-E-W, of something is a large number of something.
A slew of allergies.
A-L-L-E-R-G-I-E-S would be many different allergies or kinds of conditions that make someone feel sick after they eat, touch or smell something.
An allergy is a condition in which your body reacts negatively to something that it is near or something that you eat.
I have an allergy to shellfish, to shrimp.
When I eat it, I start to look like a shrimp.
My skin turns red.
In addition to allergies, there are some people probably a smaller number than is actually reported in the news who have what is called celiac disease.
Celiac C-E-L-I-A-C disease is a medical condition which causes people who eat certain kinds of wheat barley, rye or similar grains to experience negative effects such as pain in their stomach.
People who have celiac disease usually can't eat anything that contains gluten, G-L-U-T-E-N.
Gluten is a certain substance, what's called a protein P-R-O-T-E-I-N, that is found in many kinds of grain.
It's very difficult to make a lot of baked goods such as bread and cake without having gluten in it.
Sebastian also mentions people who are allergic to wheat, w-h-e-a-t, or peanuts, p-e-a-n-u-t-s.
Wheat is a kind of plant that is often used in a Flour, F-L-O-U-R, is often made from wheat.
You take the wheat and you grind it or you make it into what is essentially a powder, and that powder is mixed with water or some other liquid to make what is called dough D-O-U-G-H.
You put that dough in the oven and it bakes, and you get wonderful bread and cake and other things.
Peanuts is one kind of nut that is quite popular in the United States.
I don't like peanuts myself because I didn't grow up eating peanuts.
Why?
My older brothers are allergic to peanuts.
They have an allergy to peanuts.
When they eat peanuts, they have a negative reaction.
Just like when I eat shrimp.
I don't really like peanuts.
Many Americans love a product made from peanuts called peanut butter.
But I have never had peanut butter because I didn't grow up eating peanuts and I don't really like the taste.
It's almost un-American not to like peanut butter, but I do not.
Anyway, back to our story.
Gemma says, wow, when did life get so complicated?
When did things become so difficult, is what she's saying.
She then says, how about a rummage sale instead?
Instead of having a bake sale, Gemma suggests a rummage, R-U-M-M-A-G-E sale.
A rummage sale is when people bring not baked goods from their houses, but things they don't want chairs or electronics dishes, books.
They bring all of these things to the church or the school and they sell those instead of cakes and cookies.
That's a rummage sale.
Sometimes people will call these a garage sale, even though the sale isn't done in a garage, or In British English, they sometimes refer to a boot B-O-O-T sale.
The boot is the back part of your car.
The idea being that you would go somewhere and put things in the back of your car and then open up the back of the car so people could see what you are selling and you could sell it from there.
The boot in the United States is on a car is called the trunk, T-R-U-N-K.
Now let's listen to the dialogue this time at a normal speed.
I think we should have a bake sale.
We'll raise lots of money for our school.
A bake sale sounds good, but it's too much trouble.
It's not as simple as that.
We have to be careful selling baked goods to people with dietary restrictions.
Some people have ethical concerns.
Vegans, for example, don't want any animal products in their food.
That's right.
And other people have medical problems or conditions.
Diabetics, for instance, want their baked goods made with sugar substitutes.
And people who are lactose intolerant want dairy substitutes.
No sugar, no dairy?
And there's a whole slew of allergies to consider, like people who have celiac disease, those who can't eat gluten and those who are allergic to wheat or peanuts.
Wow.
When did life get so complicated?
How about a rummage sale instead?
Good idea.
All the dialogues on our episodes are gluten-free.
Anyone can eat them.
Thanks to the wonderful English cook, Dr. Lucy Say.
From Los Angeles, California, I'm Jeff McQuillan.
Thanks for listening.
Come back and listen to us again right here on ESL Podcast.
English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr Lucy Say, hosted by Dr Jeff McQuillan.
Copyright 2016 by the Center for Educational Development.
