BBC Learning English 大家好,欢迎收听BBC英语教学的你问我答节目。 We're here to answer your questions about English language, culture and life.
I'm Buli, and I'm with Becca, who is here to help me answer this week's question.
Hi Becca, how are you?
Oh, bully, I'm so clumsy.
I was walking while looking down at my phone and I bumped into a glass door.
Is there a bruise on my head?
Oh, no.
Are you OK?
Let me see.
I think you'll be okay.
That actually fits perfectly with today's question.
在本期节目中,我们将要回答的问题是这样的。 我最近想要和别人描述我受的一点小伤, 但除了wound没有想到其他特别合适的词。
我知道cuts and scrapes 好像也可以指各种小伤, 但能请教一下其他生活中不小心受的伤 还有哪些对应的英语单词吗?
I really hope I don't get a bruise though.
My skin bruises so easily.
I'm like a peach.
Your head is a bit red.
I think a bump may be appearing.
Where did this happen?
You know the entrance to the cafe on the seventh floor?
I know it.
I tripped over there in my first few weeks of work.
It was so embarrassing.
Luckily, I only scratched my knee.
Oh dear, Billy, did anyone see?
Only a few people.
My pride was wounded more than my knee, to be honest.
Yeah, I bet.
That reminds me of the time I tripped and fell off a bus on my way to a job interview.
A few people saw, but I was more embarrassed to turn up to my interview with scrapes on my arms from the stones on the pavement.
Oh no.
Did you get a job though?
I didn't.
I was cut deep that day.
I didn't go to any job interviews for like a month.
你正在收听的是BBC英语教学制作的你问我答节目。 在刚才的对话中,我和Becca使用了许多跟injure受伤和wound伤口有关的表达。 如果你在生活中也容易犯点小马货,经常小小地伤到自己一下,那么本期节目的内容你可要听仔细了。
So let's look at these different words for minor injuries, Becca.
The listener mentioned wound, but that usually sounds quite serious or medical, doesn't it?
Yes.
In everyday conversation, we rarely use wound for a minor injury.
It describes more of a deep injury that breaks the skin and takes a while to heal.
Ah, so a wound is like a cut in that sense.
Mmm, yes and no.
A wound could be any injury that breaks the skin.
A cut is specifically a break in the skin caused by a sharp object or forceful impact.
虽然单词wound的意思是伤口,但在生活中,我们通常不用wound来描述一般的小瓜小蹭。它指的是那些穿透了皮肤表面的,特别是面积偏大,需要较长一段时间才能恢复的伤口。
而问题中提到的单词cut虽然也可以指伤口,但它却和伤口的大小无关,描述的是由尖锐物体所造成的滑伤、磕伤。此外,许多描述伤口的单词也可以用作动词,比如wound和cut这两个单词就可以表示受伤和切到滑伤。
Interestingly, they're similar in that they both break the skin and we can use them metaphorically to talk about an emotional injury.
Ah, so like when I said that my pride was wounded after tripping near the cafe.
Yes, or when I said that the situation of the job interview cut me deep.
是的,和在汉语中类似,英语中诸如wound和cut等单词不但可以描述物理意义上的伤口,还可以表示内心受伤或者内心的伤口。 比如,我们可以用I was wounded by his word来表示他说的话让我很受伤。
Becca, are there any other words related to injury or being wounded?
There are many, of course.
For example, we can bruise metaphorically in this way to describe emotional damage, but not to the same extent as wound or cut.
And this is because a bruise is a break of the blood vessels under the skin.
It's usually not as serious, but changes the colour of the skin.
Like the discolouration on fruit.
Also, I heard you use the word bump before.
Yes, a bump is a raised, swollen area also caused by impact.
When I bumped into the glass door, I bumped my head and now there's a bump.
Bumps could also appear as small raises in the skin, like little red spots, usually because of friction to the skin or when we have an allergic reaction to something.
是的,bump和bruise是两个和撞、磕碰有关的单词。 其中,bump既可以指撞上和撞出的包,也可以指过敏时身上起的小红点。 而bruise通常描述的是挫伤或者被挫伤时出现的瘀青。
不过在这两个单词中,只有bruise跟wound类似,可以用来比喻内心受到了伤害。
Lastly, scratch and scrape are similar because they're minor injuries.
A scratch is a thin shallow mark caused by something sharp sliding across the skin.
And a scrape happens over a wider area and when the skin is worn down, usually from sliding against a hard or rough surface.
It's also known as a graze.
They all sound quite unpleasant.
还有两个描述轻伤的单词scratch和scrape也十分常见。 Scratch指的是抓伤滑伤,和cut相比scratch造成的伤口往往更宽一些。 Scratch也经常用来描述被小猫小狗等小动物的爪子抓伤。
Scrape 指的则是擦伤、刮伤。 如果你不小心摔了一跤,膝盖蹭破了皮, 那么就可以说 I fell and scraped my knees.
Like when I did when I got off the bus.
Oh, let's not talk about that anymore.
Remember, if you have a question that you'd like us to answer,
Bye!
Goodbye!
BBC Learning English
