Hey English learners, welcome to another phrasal verb episode.
I hope you're doing well and that you're ready to learn a couple new phrasal verbs today.
In this episode, we're going to look at two new phrasal verbs.
The first one is carry on and the second one is carry out.
So first, let's define these phrasal verbs and see an example of each one.
Carry on means to continue doing something.
For example, I could say, sorry for interrupting.
Carry on.
So here what I'm saying is that the person was talking and then I interrupted them.
And then I apologize and say, continue talking.
So I can just say, carry on.
It means continue talking.
Okay?
The other phrasal verb is carry out.
And this means to perform or complete a job, task, or activity.
For example, I could say, the government... finally carried out the proposed changes.
So in this sentence I'm saying that the government had proposed some changes and they didn't actually do anything about this.
They didn't actually make these changes and then finally, they performed this task.
They actually did what they said they would do, and they made the changes.
So they finally carried out the proposed changes.
They completed this task.
All right, now let me talk about a couple different things.
And while I'm talking, I'm going to use these two phrasal verbs again and again in different sentences, so that you can get accustomed to how they're used and get a feel for them.
And hopefully by the end of the episode, you can use them in your own sentences if you'd like.
So first, let me tell you a fictional story.
This is not real.
Let me tell you a story about a chaotic company meeting.
And this meeting was about the company's future.
So they were talking about the future of the company.
And it was very disorganized and chaotic because everyone had different ideas and opinions.
Some of the people wanted to carry on the traditions of the past.
They wanted to continue doing what the company wanted. always done.
They wanted to carry on with the traditions that the company had established, because that was what the company was known for.
They didn't want to change the identity of the company.
They wanted to carry on the way that they had always operated and and they wanted to maintain that reputation.
Carry on that reputation.
Other people, however, wanted change.
Some people did not think that carrying on doing the same thing again and again was the best thing.
They believed that the key to future success was to modify things adapt, advance and change with the times, as we say, like you're changing, as the world is changing.
So some people thought that carrying on the traditions of the past wasn't necessarily the best thing.
So, of course, people had different opinions and everyone wanted to talk.
Everyone wanted to say what was on their mind and it was very disorganized and people were interrupting each other and people carried on even when other people interjected, meaning they interrupted with their own thought and the person who was already talking didn't stop.
They just carried on and two people were talking at the same time and that kept happening.
People were interrupting, getting a little bit annoyed.
The other person carried on talking.
There were multiple conversations happening at the same time and And it seemed like the meeting was not going to be successful and would need to be rescheduled for another time when people would be calmer.
But the boss wanted to carry on with the meeting and carry on talking.
He didn't want to postpone this.
He believed that this was a necessary thing and that they had to get all their ideas out there and talk about this.
But of course, it was completely disorganized, and everyone was talking over each other, as we say.
They were not waiting for the other people to finish talking and they started talking and the other people carried on talking.
And so there was complete chaos in terms of the organization of the meeting.
But finally, one person was told to stop interrupting because that person was interrupting everyone.
But that person carried on making comments when it wasn't their turn to talk. they didn't stop.
In other words, they carried on interrupting whenever they felt like they needed to say something, and they carried on making comments and giving their opinions whenever they felt the need to do so, even though it wasn't their turn to talk.
So even when They tried to establish some order.
Things carried on in the same way.
And, at the end of the day, the company decided to carry on with the same plans they had for the future, which were to pretty much do what they did in the past.
So they decided to carry on the established traditions, They didn't want to change their identity.
They wanted to carry on with all the things that they had been doing up until that point.
And so of course some people weren't satisfied with this.
Not everyone got what they wanted.
But there was some resolution to the meeting and that's good because it was a very chaotic meeting with a lot of interrupting and people talking over each other.
And so, at the end of the day, the company was able to make this decision together, and decide to carry on with their traditions, their same identity, and to continue doing what they had always done up until that point.
All right, let me talk about one other thing now.
Let me talk about how researchers constantly try to find the optimal nutrition for humans.
There is never any consensus when it comes to nutrition.
People think the exact opposite of other people ever.
They will tell you the exact opposite of what other people tell you.
And so there is constantly a lot of research being carried out to try to find what the proper, perfect nutrition and perfect diet and way of eating is for humans.
So researchers carry out many studies in order to find this answer.
And sometimes these researchers already have certain biases, meaning they already favor a certain diet or type of eating style.
So that can affect the outcome of of the studies that they carry out.
So, even though they're carrying out scientific studies, because of these biases, maybe the outcomes are different because the researchers set up the studies in a way that favors their preferred nutrition.
Maybe
Scientists and researchers are not perfect people.
They often have agendas and biases and they're human.
So it's not always a perfect study that is carried out.
And studies often have conflicting results because of this and because of many reasons.
It seems like it's really hard to actually come to a consensus, as we say, to actually come to a general agreement on this, because different studies that are carried out have different results.
And researchers also carry out tests in labs.
They carry out experiments with mice.
That's a very common thing.
They test different food and food combinations and diets on mice or guinea pigs and they see what the results are.
But this is not always a good representation of humans.
Mice and guinea pigs react differently than humans do.
They have different bodies.
They're animals, not humans.
And so, even though a lot of these tests that are carried out are really detailed and well thought out, they don't always achieve their goal, because mice are not humans.
And so these experiments don't always have the most information to tell us about what is best for a human.
And researchers also carry out epidemiological research.
This just refers to looking at different populations and seeing how these populations are affected by certain nutrition, certain things they eat.
So they can carry out research in this way and they can find certain things and the results might seem conclusive, like okay, this is what people should be eating or shouldn't be eating, and these results seem conclusive until someone else carries out a different study with a different population and they find different results.
That happens a lot.
The studies that are carried out are often contradictory, and so it's really hard to say you know which study is better, and so That can be really tricky when trying to reach consensus.
It's hard to carry out the perfect study, the perfect experiment.
There are always issues.
There are always different factors that affect the studies and it's hard to just carry out some type of experiment and then say okay, we've found the answer.
There seems to be no consensus when it comes to what humans should be eating and should not be eating, and how much and how often when, etc.
So maybe different people need different types of diets.
People's bodies are different.
People react differently to different types of foods.
And so it's really hard to carry out research that will tell us definitively what is good and what is not good.
So this is always a complicated topic, and I think it will always be complicated.
So, even though researchers will continue to carry out tests and experiments and studies, I don't think that people will ever agree 100 on what is the best way of eating.
So unfortunately, there's no consensus.
I hope that as I was talking, you were able to hear these two phrasal verbs used again and again and that now you can recognize them, understand them and hopefully you can even use them in your own sentences now.
And I want to encourage you to challenge yourself so that you can reach the next level in your English listening comprehension.
You can do that by using my advanced podcast episodes in which I speak fast.
So if you want those, the link to sign up is down below.
And also check out my US Conversations podcast, in which I talk to different English teachers from all around the US.
This is great practice for your listening.
You will eventually need to be able to understand when more than one person is talking.
So this is a great tool for you to practice with, because I have authentic conversations with other native speakers.
And, of course, this is a great resource for you to help you find an English teacher, because I talk to a bunch of different English teachers and they give classes online, so you can find a good teacher there as well.
The link to sign up for that is also down below.
All right, thank you all for listening to this phrasal verb episode and I'll talk to you in the next one.
